German Chancellor Angela Merkel has won a minor victory in her ongoing standoff with ally Horst Seehofer, interior minister and leader of the Christian Social Union (CSU), the Bavarian sister party to her conservative Christian Democratic Union (CDU). The crisis last week briefly threatened to break the age-old alliance between the two conservative parties.

Merkel managed to get Seehofer to agree to wait for a European summit at the end of the month, so that a new bloc-wide asylum reform could be agreed before he unilaterally imposed new border controls at Germany's borders. 

In a press conference in Berlin on Monday afternoon, Merkel stressed that the two parties shared the common goals of reducing immigration and better organizing migration into Germany, and that they had agreed to work together. Nevertheless, she signalled she would not accept the CSU's brinkmanship on the issue: There would be "no automatism" in shutting borders to asylum-seekers after the EU summit, she said — a phrase that effectively gave herself another deadline extension.

While Merkel was answering questions, Seehofer gave his own press conference in Munich, at which he underlined that the chancellor agreed to "62-and-a-half" of the 63 points in his asylum reform "master plan." He also said he would support the chancellor's efforts to make deals with EU partners. At the same time, he said the government did not yet "have the issue of migration under control" and that a lot of work still needed to be done. 

Maintaining the pressure on Merkel, Seehofer said he wanted to start turning migrants back at the border if EU talks failed to produce results.

Destabilizing Europe

The row is centered on an asylum system reform "master plan" Seehofer wants to implement in Germany, which would see migrants who had already been registered in another European Union country turned away at the German border. 

This would potentially disrupt the EU's Dublin immigration system and threaten the principle of free movement within the EU, especially if, as Merkel fears, other countries impose similar border controls. It would also violate asylum-seekers' rights to have their cases heard fairly.

The German constitution guarantees the right to asylum to anyone persecuted for political reasons, while the Dublin convention stipulates that everyone application be checked on a case-by-case basis. That means migrants have a right to be heard if they claim asylum, even if they don't have valid travel documents, and even if they have applied for asylum before and been rejected (though in such cases they are banned for re-applying for a certain period of time). 

Critics and political pundits, including former Interior Minister Gerhart Baum, have described Seehofer's proposal as illegal, not to mention a reckless destabilization of Merkel's new government.

The CDU and the CSU held separate leadership meetings on Monday to hash out potential compromises. According to CSU sources cited in several news agencies, Seehofer is willing to introduce his measures piecemeal. The first step would see Germany only rejecting migrants who had previously been deported or were subject to an entry ban — a point that Merkel has agreed to.

If Seehofer were to impose border controls unilaterally using his authority as interior minister, Merkel could overrule him using her constitutional power as chancellor. But that scenario would likely lead to Seehofer's resignation, a collapse of the government coalition, and new elections.

The CSU is keeping the pressure on the chancellor up. The DPA news agency reported that the party had agreed at its meeting to begin preparations for setting up hard border controls — in case European agreements were not struck. 

Merkel is to spend the next two weeks seeking bilateral agreements with EU partners, beginning with Italy and Austria, the two countries immediately affected by Seehofer's plans. New Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte is visiting Berlin on Monday evening.

Read more: Analysis: Did Merkel bring political blow on herself?

Party brinkmanship

Seehofer set out his position in a guest column in the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung on Monday, in which he agreed that a European solution was necessary, but said, "I must have the right to turn people away" in cases where people do not have a right to enter under European law.

Read more: Opinion: Germany is trapped in a 'credibility showdown'

He called on the EU summit produce resolutions "that recognize Germany's burdens in migration policy, that guarantee an effective protection of the EU's external borders and a fair distribution of people with residency rights, as well as a speedy return of people without residency rights."

Seehofer's CSU is facing a challenge from the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) in Bavaria's state election in October. A tough stance on migration is being interpreted as the most effective way to ward off the challenge by the populists.

Bavarian State Premier Markus Söder, a rival of Seehofer in the CSU, has questioned the efficacy of the upcoming EU summit, because, he claimed, no European agreement had been reached in the last three years. "We're convinced that it is an important task to implement a change of direction on asylum in Germany," Söder said before Monday's party meeting.