Just 7,100 cheetahs are estimated to remain in the wild, according to a study published on Monday.

The report warned that the predator has lost 91 percent of its historic habitat due to human encroachment and suggested the trend was likely to continue unless firm action was taken.

While Africa is seeing a large decline in cheetah population, the only cheetahs in Asia can be found in part of Iran, where fewer than 50 individual cheetahs remain, according to the study.

"This period is really crunch time for species like cheetah that need these big areas," said Sarah Durant, a cheetah specialist at the Zoological Society of London and the lead author of the report.

Reevaluate threat

The report, co-written by the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and Panthera, called for the cheetah to be redefined as an "endangered" species instead of the less serious "vulnerable" category on the International Union for Conservation of Nature's (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species.

Researchers said it had proven difficult to gather hard evidence on the cheetah due to its secretive nature. Conservationists suggested that the predator's vulnerability to extinction had been overlooked and was much higher than previously thought.

More than three-quarters of cheetah habitats fall outside wildlife reserves and other protected areas, the report said, which makes it difficult for conservationists to secure a strong future for the animals.

Trafficking a problem

The study's authors urged governments to provide additional funds and resources to help implement programs to reduce the illegal trafficking of wild cats.

Last week, Cambodia seized 1.5 tons of illegal ivory and animal parts including cheetah skulls which had arrived from Africa, destined for China.

The bones are used in traditional Chinese medicine and the cheetah's skin and meat are also highly prized.

Apart from the less than 50 remaining in Iran, cheetahs have been virtually wiped out in Asia, the study estimated. More than half of the world's remaining cheetahs live in southern Africa, including in Namibia and Botswana.

A separate survey conducted between 2013 and 2015 suggested that Zimbabwe's cheetah population had declined from roughly 1,500 in 1999 to between 150 and 170 today.

The authors were hopeful that decisions made at the CITES CoP17 world wildlife conference in Johannesburg in October would lead to a reduction in cheetahs and other live cats being trafficked out of the Horn of Africa region.

mm/sms (AP, AFP)