The Kenyan government plans to construct a tarmacked highway as part of its ambitious Mau Mau Road project, that will cut through Aberdare National Park, a crucial water catchment and biodiversity hotspot.

The park, established in 1950, spans 767 square kilometers and is home to hundreds of plant and animal species. Supporters argue the highway will boost the economy, tourism, and mobility, linking two counties. Critics contend it will harm indigenous wildlife habitats, divide the park, and undo conservation efforts like the successful reduction of poaching via its 400-kilometer electric fence — the longest in the world.

Environmentalists emphasize that the park provides 90% of Nairobi's water supply and sustains biodiversity. The road's impact could compromise ecosystems and species recovery, such as the mountain bongo. But some groups, like the Geta Community Forest Association, support the road and are hopeful that new infrastructure can factor in conservation efforts. Its chairman highlights sustainable practices like reforestation and grazing rights as integral to the community's use of adjacent forests.

Preparatory work for the $44 million road continues despite legal challenges. In 2024, Kenya's environmental court temporarily halted construction in response to petitions citing constitutional rights violations, including environmental damage, biodiversity loss, and climate change. Judges have since asserted jurisdiction over the matter and are planning to visit the site before making any further decison.