In 1946, a French engineer came up with a scandalous new piece of clothing for women: the bikini, made up of strips of cloth that revealed more than they hid on the beach and in the pool.
Image: picture-alliance/dpa
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In 1946, a French engineer came up with a scandalous new piece of clothing for women: The bikini, made from strips of cloth that revealed more than they hid on the beach and in the pool.
Image: AFP/dpa/picture alliance
Story of four triangles
Four tiny triangles held together by string — that's about as small as you can get. On July 5, 1946, a striptease dancer by the name of Micheline Bernardini posed in front of cameras by a Paris swimming pool, wearing a two-piece swimsuit: the very first bikini. It was invented by French mechanical engineer, Louis Reard. Little did he know at the time, the bikini would be here to stay.
Image: AFP/dpa/picture alliance
'An-atomic bomb'
World War II was over, the Cold War had just begun. The US was testing nuclear bombs above the Bikini Atoll in the South Pacific, and the name inspired Reard's new beachwear. His ads for the two-piece bathing suit were a clever play on words: "The bikini, the first an-atomic bomb."
Image: Sjoberg/imageBROKER/picture alliance
Ancient Romans also wore them
In reality, the French engineer didn't really invent the bikini at all. The concept of wearing scant bits of clothing goes back at least hundreds of years, to the Romans. A fourth-century mosaic at the Villa Romana del Casale on the island of Sicily shows Roman women playing sports — in ancient bikinis.
Image: Peter Schickert/picture alliance
Hold on tight
In the US in the 1950s, Hollywood's recipe for success included bikini-clad swimmers performing water ballet and acrobatics on water skis. Here, these two athletic women are pictured cooling off. Their tops look like they're in constant danger of causing a dreaded nipple-gate moment, while their bikini bottoms appear able to withstand top speeds.
Image: AP Photo/picture alliance
A classic: Princess Leia's bikini
Carrie Fisher, who portrayed Leia in the "Star Wars" films, thought the bikini was a bad joke when producer director George Lucas first showed her the design. Didn't it reduce the strong-willed princess to an object — the chained slave of Jabba the Hutt? The fact that Leia later got to strangle the monster with those same chains helped Fisher make peace with the costume.
Image: United Archives/picture alliance
Bond girls suit up
When Ursula Andress, clad in a skimpy bikini, gracefully stepped out of the ocean in 1962, cinemagoers' chins dropped to the floor. Even James Bond (Sean Connery) had to interrupt his hunt for Dr. No to catch his breath. The same thing happened 40 years later to Pierce Brosnan as James Bond in "Die Another Day," with Bond girl du jour Halle Berry appearing in a very similar beach scene.
Image: UPI/Fox Deutschland/dpa/picture alliance
How much fabric is enough?
After featuring prominently in the Bond film franchise, bikinis started to gain even greater mainstream acceptance. Above are the latest styles presented in Hamburg in 1963. The Capri model (left) bears a resemblance to Ursula Andress' bikini. The Sissi model (right) is meant to have a more athletic touch — and comes across as a bit more modest, at least the bottom piece.
Image: Lothar Heidtmann/picture alliance
Home of the G-string
In the 1950s, an anti-bikini organization was founded in a place known for showing lots of skin: Rio de Janeiro. The Brazilian string tanga, also known as the G-string or thong, had a rather bad reputation up until the 1970s. Nowadays, women on Brazil's beaches and elsewhere often opt for the tiniest bikini bottoms they can find.
Image: Jose Lucena/TheNEWS2/ZUMA/picture alliance
Mandatory bikini
Beach volleyball became an Olympic sport in 1996, and its popularity grew quickly — in particular, because there is a lot for voyeuristic eyes to see. Up until 2012, women volleyball players were required to wear bikinis, until the World Volleyball Federation relaxed the sexist rule. Now they're permitted to wear anything they want — from a G-string to bicycle shorts.
Image: Jaroslav Ozana/CTK/picture alliance
Classic look
The word "bikini" means literally "land of coconuts." Although the residents of the radioactive atoll have long since been evacuated from the area, the swimsuit bearing its name has lived on for decades. Four triangles and a string — an invention that changed women's fashion forever.
Image: Georg Wenzel/dpa/picture alliance
End body shaming!
So-called guerrilla fashion shows have emerged to push back against the image of the "flawless model." There, women show what bodies look like away from the fashion world’s glossy bubble, proudly and confidently — and they're celebrated for it. The bikini: A statement for 80 years now, and set to stay that way.
Image: Tayfun Salci/ZUMA/picture alliance
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French mechanical engineer Louis Réard couldn't find a willing model, so he hired striptease dancer Micheline Bernardini for the presentation of his bikini on July 5, 1946.
The timing was no coincidence. The US military had just grabbed the world's attention by testing a nuclear bomb on the Bikini Atoll in the South Pacific. The new swimwear trend turned out to be equally explosive.
Réard did not miscalculate: Showing that much skin was not acceptable at that time. Moral guardians were convinced that women should don skirts and long aprons instead of shamelessly taking their clothes off.
Skimpy attire for the future
The bikini was banned in public for many years, and even the famous fashion magazine "Vogue" rejected the tiny swimsuit. Film stars like Marilyn Monroe and Brigitte Bardot, however, remained faithful to bikinis and were regularly photographed in them.
The James Bond film "Dr. No" in 1962 marked a turning point for the two-piece. Swiss model and actress Ursula Andress sported one in an unforgettable scene, and her swimsuit went down in history as the "Dr. No Bikini."
In the 1960s, the bikini quickly became unstoppable and took on many forms, from the self-adhesive "Trikini" to the topless "Monokini" (which, however, didn't become a bestseller).
The swimwear revolution went hand in hand with the growing emancipation of women, which was also marked by the birth control pill, the miniskirt and the social unrest of the 1960s. For many women, the bikini was a symbol of liberation.
A coveted fashion item
Even after 75 years, the bikini can still be found at fashion shows, beaches and pools the world over. Models no longer have to be begged to present the latest designs. In the 1980s and 90s, bikini fashion shows became even more popular than the otherwise beloved bridal wear events. Supermodels like Claudia Schiffer, Linda Evangelista and Naomi Campbell competed for such jobs on the catwalk.
A classic worn by women of all ages and body types, the bikini has made a fashion statement for the past seven decades, ans is here to stay.