With the summer heat leading to increased beer consumption, some breweries in Germany complain about lacking enough bottles and crates. Beer packaging, it seems, is a recurrent, long-term problem for the industry.
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The Fiege brewery in the western German city of Bochum has a problem. Although business is booming in this hot World Cup summer, it's struggling to find enough bottles to put its beer in. So Fiege has launched an urgent appeal to consumers via Facebook.
"We need your help," the brewery wrote. "Although we regularly buy new empty bottles, they're becoming scarce in our bottling facility. So before you go on summer holidays, please bring your Moritz Fiege empties back to the shop. First the deposit, then the party!"
Reusable beer bottles carry a deposit of eight to fifteen cents ($.09-0.18) in Germany, but that's not always enough to motivate people to lug empties back to stores when the mercury rises and they could be, among other things, drinking beer.
The problem is especially acute for independent, regional, family-run breweries like Fiege. A brewery spokesperson told Deutsche Welle that whereas Fiege normally bottles 100,000 to 120,000 beers a day, this summer that figure is up to 150,000 to 160,000. Fiege isn't alone in having this problem, which comes hot on the heels of a shortage of carbon dioxide.
"This issue is dramatic through the industry," the publisher of a leading German drinks industry magazine told dpa news agency. The German Brewers Association also says that the scarcity of containers is "especially pronounced" this summer.
And complicating the situation is the nature of beer packaging in Germany, which is a science unto itself.
2 billion in circulation, but not always the right shape
There are an estimated two billion reusable beer bottles in circulation among Germany's 82.6 million people, with the containers being refilled on average 36 times. That may sound like enough to meet demand, but not every brewery uses the same sort of bottle.
Bottles in Germany vary from dumpies (also called "steinies") to Vichies to longnecks. Some breweries "personalize" bottles by having their names embossed on the glass. And there are both "Euro" and "NRW" 500 ml bottles, the latter named after Germany's most populous state North Rhine-Westphalia, where Fiege is located.
But Fiege uses a bottle with a swing top and porcelain cork. When opened, the cork produces a characteristic "plop" sound so satisfying to many a beer lover, but the bottle is more expensive to keep in circulation and can only be refilled 30 times.
Cans, widely used in the US and the UK, are rightly or wrongly looked down upon for being "unsexy" and environmentally unfriendly. In Germany, it's mostly glass or nothing.
But breweries can't just call up bottlemakers and order more new ones. Glass bottles are produced seasonally, the Fiege spokesperson says, and orders have to be placed a year in advance, with breweries having no way of knowing what the next summer's weather, and hence consumption, will be like.
Germany's glorious beer gardens
Visiting a German beer garden is a must once spring comes around! Here are some traditional beer gardens that you simply have to know.
Image: Frank Hoermann/SVEN SIMON/picture alliance
Munich's largest beer garden
Munich boasts the largest concentration of beer gardens in Germany. The biggest is Hirschgarten beer garden, which seats 8,000 people. Traditionally, guests bring their own food and only order beer, a practice that has been maintained over many years. But snacks like pretzels and cheese can be purchased, too.
Image: Lukas Barth/dpa/picture alliance
First official beer garden
In 1812, Bavaria's King Maximilian I ruled that beer gardens could be set up in Munich for the first time. The beer garden near Munich central station is considered the oldest. Here, over 100 chestnut trees provide a cozy atmophere and ample shade. Beer is served from wooden kegs right in front of the guests. A bell rings when ever a fresh keg is tapped.
Image: Martin Siepmann/imageBROKER/picture alliance
Munich's English Garden
One of Bavaria's most famous beer gardens is located in Munich's English Garden beside the Chinese Tower, with space for some 7,000 guests. This makes it the second-largest beer garden in the city. It is popular with tourists and locals alike.
Image: Hinrich Bäsemann/picture alliance
Law allows beer gardens to open late
Bavarians take their beer gardens very seriously. In 1995, residents living near the Waldwirtschaft tavern just south of Munich, which boasts a large beer garden, demanded earlier closing times. That upset Bavaria's then Prime Minister Edmund Stoiber so much that a law was changed to ensure that beer lovers can enjoy their brew until 11:00 pm.
Image: Martin Ley/picture alliance
Andechs monastery
When in Munich, many tourists make a point of traveling to Andechs monastery to sample its famous beer. Legend has it the special brew is sourced from the depths of the "holy mountain" on which the monastery is situated. The Benedictine monks run the brewery to this day.
Image: Ulrich Wagner/picture alliance
World's oldest monastic brewery
Weltenburg Abbey, an hour's drive north of Munich, has been making beer for hundreds of years. The beer is brewed in its cellar and served to guests relaxing in the courtyard above. It's well worth visiting this picturesque and storied complex right beside the Danube river.
At 2,962 meters (9,718 feet) above sea level, Zugspitze is Germany's tallest mountain. It also features a one-of-a-kind high-altitude beer garden. Whether you master the challenge and hike up, or opt for the cable car instead, refreshing beers and stunning views await at the top.
Image: BAO/imageBROKER/picture alliance /
Drinking with a fabulous view
Not far from Bamberg's old town you'll find the Spezial Keller, or special cellar, offering a wonderful view of Bamberg Cathedral and Michaelsberg Monastery, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Local specialties include delicious smoked beer and roast pork shoulder.
Image: David Ebener/dpa/picture alliance
Berlin's first beer garden
Berlin's very first beer garden opened in 1837. Located in what is today the Prenzlauerberg district, the beer garden offers an urban flair, seating for some 600 guests and ample shade thanks to tall chestnut trees.
Although the supply of beer bottles is particularly tight this summer, this is by no means the first time shortages have been felt in Germany. In the summer of 2012, for instance, Munich's famous Hofbräu sold full bottles of beer only to people who brought back empty ones.
It's International Beer Day!
On Friday, the world celebrates International Beer Day! It's the perfect opportunity to shine a light on Germany's legendary beer culture, Beer Purity Law, corner pubs and much more. Prost!
Image: picture-alliance/dpa/S. Pieknik
Spoilt for choice
Germany is a beer country — and that's a fact. Using only four ingredients as per the 1516 German Beer Purity Law (water, hops, barley, yeast), German brewers have managed to create over 5,500 brands of beer. And that number is growing — a new beer is released on the market every week. But Germany manages quantity as well as quality: No other European country produces more beer.
Image: picture-alliance/dpa/W. Kumm
You can always have a beer
When it comes to drinking alcohol, whether at an office party, during intermission at the theater, or just relaxing — as pictured here in Berlin's Görlitzer Park — beer is always an appropriate choice in Germany, as it can be consumed legally in public.
Image: picture-alliance/dpa/A. Hein
Traditional festivals are a must
Funfair stalls, brass bands and "Schlager" music are the ingredients of a traditional German festival, which can be a challenge to get through unless you consume plenty of beer! For such occasions, regional breweries often create a festival beer. The best known of these is probably the Oktoberfest beer, which is made especially for the festival in Munich and served in one-liter Bavarian beer mugs.
Image: picture-alliance/dpa/F. Hörhager
Football and beer: A winning combination
Football is also a celebration, and beer goes with football the way mustard goes with a bratwurst sausage. It helps fans celebrate and consoles them if their team loses. At any stadium, the link between football teams and breweries is obvious: Beer advertising features on the players' shirts and banners. And in many Bundesliga football arenas the beer brand sponsoring the team is also served.
Image: picture-alliance/dpa/T. Hase
Beer can be bought round the clock
In the Ruhr area it's known as a Trinkhalle, in Mainz it is called a Büdchen and in Berlin it goes by the name of Späti. These neighborhood kiosks sell newspapers, tobacco, sweets and usually beer. What began more than 150 years ago as a place to sell water now serves as a pit stop for big city beer drinkers.
Image: picture-alliance/dpa/M. Kusch
The corner pub: A temple of German beer
Berlin's corner pubs, like the Willi Mangler in the Schönefeld district, are a part of German beer history. They have also become something of a cult. The combination of stuffy air, no-nonsense food and a crowd of regular bar flies is what makes them so charming. Tourists rarely venture here, but local residents often come to enjoy an after-work beer.
Image: picture-alliance/dpa/S. Kahnert
Beer gardens: Fun in the sun
Beer gardens are also traditional to German beer culture. These days they can be found all over Germany, but they originated in Bavaria at the beginning of the 19th century. Back then brewers served their beer straight from the cooling cellars along the banks of the Isar River. Especially on hot days the cellar beer gardens were popular among people from Munich.
Image: Deutscher Brauer-Bund e.V.
Bavaria: Cradle of the Beer Purity Law
In Bavaria, where the German Beer Purity Law was adopted in 1516, beer has been an established part of life for centuries. Today, Bavaria has more than 600 breweries, more than in any other state in Germany. During the Middle Ages the breweries were firmly in the grip of the monasteries. Some of these still exist, the oldest being Weltenburg Abbey on the Danube.
Image: Kloster Weltenburg
Craft beer: Modern brewing techniques
Traditional breweries have now been joined by more experimental beer makers like Georg-Augustin Schmidt. His microbrewery "Braustil" in Frankfurt produces small amounts of new varieties which have powerful aromas and are usually made with regional, organic ingredients. The craft beer scene is especially strong in Hamburg and Berlin, but local craft beer can be found across Germany.
Image: picture-alliance/dpa/F. Rumpenhorst
How it's done: Beer brewing seminars
Those who are crazy about beer beyond drinking it will find more than 30 beer museums, beer hikes and beer brewing seminars in Germany. You can create your own beer at the "Grillakademie" craft beer seminar in Bochum. Participants also learn about the different varieties of beer as well as German brewing traditions and, of course, the German Beer Purity Law.
Image: picture-alliance/dpa/M. Hitij
Once in the right glass: Cheers!
To mark German Beer Day on April 23, here's a quick guide. From left to right: the Berliner Weisse goes in a bowl-shaped glass, Kristallweizen wheat beer in a tall glass, lager is served in a beer mug, followed by a short glass for the dark Altbier, the small, narrow glass for the Cologne Kölsch brew, the rounded glass for Pils beer and finally the Bavarian half-liter beer mug.
Image: Deutscher Brauer-Bund e.V.
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The smaller the brewer, the more acute the problem can be. Some craft breweries don't charge deposit for bottles at all because they have no capacity to store empties if they were returned. Instead customers are encouraged to put bottles in recycling bins or take them back to beverage shops.
Massive corporate breweries like Warsteiner and Beck's have the leverage and capacities to avoid bottle shortage problems. But size-wise Fiege is in the middle of these two poles and has had to be creative.
The brewery says the response to its Facebook call for empties has been "overwhelming," with fans of the beer bringing in carloads of bottles and beer crates. One woman even wrote in from Guatemala to say that she had a bottle. And several users responded with pictures of returnables and pledges that help is on the way.
If nothing else, for Fiege, the beer bottle crisis of summer 2018 has turned out to be pretty good publicity.