Germany's Bundesrat has approved the government's climate package after it was amended by a mediation committee. Parts of the original package had been blocked over cost-sharing concerns.
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A package of measures to combat climate change devised by Germany's government received final approval from the upper house of parliament, the Bundesrat, on Friday, paving the way for lower prices for train travel, among other things.
The package, which was approved by the Cabinet three months ago, was amended after the governments of Germany's 16 federal states voiced concerns that they would bear the costs of lowering taxes on long-distance trains, tax benefits for energy-saving home renovations and an increase in the commuters allowance.
Under the amended package, they will receive compensation for the losses in tax revenue.
The revised package also sees the initially proposed CO2 price of €10 ($11) per metric ton (1.1 short tons or 2,205 pounds) raised to €25. That price is envisaged to rise even further to €55 by 2025, though parliament must first enshrine the increase in law.
The Bundesrat, which represents the governments of Germany's 16 federal states, also approved a rise in the tax-deductible sum granted to commuters and tax benefits for energy-saving home renovations.
The amended package aims to relieve the burden on consumers by reducing the surcharge for the financing of renewable energy sources in Germany (the so-called EEG surcharge), resulting in lower electricity prices. Train tickets will also be some 10% cheaper as a result of a reduction in sales tax.
The Social Democrat premier of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Manuela Schwesig, who played a large role in negotiating the compromises, said the amended package had "more climate protection and more social balance."
Under its climate protection act, Germany is obliged to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030, compared to 1990 levels.
The environmental organization Friends of the Earth Germany (BUND) has criticized the package, calling for a much higher CO2 price starting at €50 and climbing to €200 by 2030. BUND traffic expert Werner Reh also slammed what he called "a retention of environmentally damaging subsidies for diesel and kerosene and the even higher commuters allowance."
The leader of the Greens parliamentary party, Anton Hofreiter, also criticized the measures for not going far enough to meet Germany's obligations under the 2015 Paris Agreement, saying that the higher CO2 price was "no breakthrough" in climate protection.
Under the Paris Agreement, a number of governments, including Germany's, pledged to take measures to keep a global temperature rise this century well below 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial levels. Many climate activists say that the climate package will not reduce Germany's CO2 emissions sufficiently for it to keep its pledge.
Meet Europe's climate heroes
On a low-carbon roadtrip across Europe, two intrepid DW reporters sought out local climate heroes - regular people who are finding innovative ways to protect the environment and tackle global warming.
Image: DW/R. Krause
Fighting for forests
Mori and Mila are determined to save Hambacher Forst, an ancient forest in Germany, which is facing the chop. German power company RWE wants to expand the country's largest brown coal mine. To keep the diggers away, Mori and Mila have moved into treehouses. Some activists even regularly sneak into the open-pit coal mine where they lock themselves to mining excavators to stop operations.
Image: DW/A. S. Brändlin
Fishing plastic out of Amsterdam's canals
Where others see trash, Marius Smit sees a valuable resource. Amsterdam's canals are littered with discarded plastic bottles - until Marius and his volunteers have passed by. They enjoy a drink, while casting their nets and pulling in a haul that Marius’s company "Plastic Whale" turns into boats. That way, the bottles make their way back onto the canals - but in a much more attractive form.
Image: DW/R. Krause
Making people taste their waste
Luana Carretto believes we've lost touch with food and can't tell if something wrapped in plastic is still good to eat. As a result, we throw away perfectly edible food without a second thought. That's why she set up "Taste Before You Waste" in Amsterdam, delivering food otherwise headed for the trash to those in need. She hands out "waste" food to strangers and cooks up delicious community meals.
Image: DW/A. S. Brändlin
Pioneering clean technologies
Guus van der Ven helped set up a green-tech playground, De Ceuvel. Built on an old shipyard in Amsterdam, the site was heavily polluted. Now it's being cleaned up using pollution-extracting plants and is home to a creative co-working space thriving on renewable energy and recycled materials. Even human waste is turned into fertilizer and used to grow food in the on-site greenhouse.
Image: DW/A. S. Brändlin
Taking legal action
In 2009, 195 countries agreed to keep global warming below 2 degrees Celsius. Belgium was one of them - but Ignace Schops, director of an NGO that runs Belgium's national parks, says his government isn't taking the action needed to fulfill that promise. So together with a creative group, he is suing the Belgium parliament to cut CO2 emissions by 25 to 40 percent by 2020, and 87 percent by 2050.
Image: DW/R. Krause
Banking on the power of the sun
Tobias Postulka is passionate about boats and passionate about protecting the planet. That's why he converted an old fishing boat into an eco dream, running solely on solar power. Even on cloudy days, the solar panels are more than up to the job. He’s now even inviting groups of tourists, friends and school kids aboard to educate them about the power of the sun - and to ship them across Berlin.
Image: DW/R. Krause
Pedal powering through Berlin
Guido Borgers uses sheer physical strength to provide 100 percent carbon-neutral transportation around the German capital. Unlike many of his competitors on Berlin's bike rickshaw market, which have bikes powered by electric engines, Guido's vehicle relies solely on muscle power. More than just a taxi driver, he somehow finds the breath to give guided tours of the historic sights along the way.
Image: DW/A. S. Brändlin
Selling nude food
With the average German producing 250 kilograms of waste every year, Milena Glimbovski found herself asking: "Why is all of this food I buy every day wrapped in so much plastic? Is that really necessary?" That's why she founded Berlin’s first package-free shop: "Original Unverpackt." It gives customers a more climate-friendly way to shop, with more than 400 products - minus the trash - on sale.
Image: DW/A. S. Brändlin
Greening the festival scene
What used to be a coal mining region has become a green festival haven, where five colossal steel excavators provide a dramatic backdrop as up to 25,000 festival goers dance the night away. Thies Schröder, CEO of the festival site Ferropolis, is determined to host a climate-friendly party and pave the way to a greener festival future. 75 percent of Ferropolis’ energy comes directly from solar.
Image: DW/R. Krause
Testing the energy future
Windtest Grevenbroich gives wind turbines a rigorous going over to gather the data manufacturers need to get the best performance out of these green power behemoths. Benjamin Böhme's job involves finding new locations where the turbines can reap their zero-carbon energy harvest. He says the German government needs to do more to reach its target of 80 percent renewable power.