The federal government has passed legislation to ban the mass killing of male chicks as of January 1, 2022. The decision means that Germany is set to be the first country to ban male chick culling by law.
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The mass slaughter of male chicks will be banned in Germany from the beginning of next year, the Bundestag announced on Thursday.
The federal government passed legislation prohibiting the traditional chick farming method — a practice that critics have long criticized as unethical.
Chicken farms around the world traditionally slaughter male chicks by the millions shortly after hatching because they cannot lay eggs and are not suitable for meat production, meaning that raising them would not be economically viable.
Surprising stories hatching from eggs
Especially over Easter, our mind connects eggs with chickens. But the large number of animals hatching includes fascinating species, from gigantic birds to lizards called dragons. DW presents some surprising egg stories.
Image: Zoonar/picture alliance
One egg, two functions
The nanostructure of chicken egg shells is an evolutionary masterpiece. While the shell is pretty robust during its first days, it gets much thinner by the end of breeding, facilitating it for the chick to hatch. This is due to a developmental process. To set up the chicks' skeleton, the inner calcium layer of the shell gets broken down and reused to build the bones. Pretty cool!
Image: picture-alliance/Arco Images GmbH
Gold medal for breeding
The ostrich is the largest living species of bird — and the fastest. Females only mate with one male, but males fertilize several females. The dominant female lays her eggs on a communal nest, followed by all the others — there are around four secondary females with up to 15 eggs each. The weakest eggs will then be discarded by the dominant female, who will incubate them together with the male.
Image: picture-alliance/dpa/R. Wittek
The weight of motherhood
Kiwis are not only peculiar, in that they are flightless, they are also the symbol of a whole country — New Zealand. They are also worth admiring for laying the largest egg of any species in the world — in relation to body size. Weighing up to half a kilogram, the egg occupies nearly the entire body of the bird, interfering with movement and even breathing. Newborn chicks are quickly independent.
Other parents can't compete with the arduous annual journey of Antarctica's emperor penguins. These animals travel 50-120 kilometers (31-74 miles) to reach their breeding colonies. The female can only lay one egg per year, which makes hatching a truly significant event. The Oscar prize-winning documentary "March of the Penguins" makes us feel as if we were walking in the penguin's shoes.
Image: picture-alliance/dpa
Careful with that egg!
Considered the biggest birds that ever existed — 3 meters tall and weighing half a ton — elephant birds became extinct four centuries ago. However, one of its impressive eggs was found in 2015, and its size honored its reputation: at 200 times bigger than a chicken egg. This image compares the egg with an adult kiwi skeleton. If you decide to pick this one up, you had better be careful!
Image: picture-alliance/AP Photo
Not just for the birds
Chicken eggs are present in our daily lives. So we rarely ask: 'Which came first, the snake or the egg?' We often don't realize that many other animals hatch from eggs — or are "oviparous." Reptiles such as snakes are among them. Although the majority of snakes abandon their eggs after laying, the female python never leaves them until they hatch — as in the photo above.
Image: picture-alliance/dpa
Troubled turtles
Sea turtles have lately been struggling to lay their eggs due to several factors such as climate change, illegal trade or tourism. They swim long distances to reach beach spawning grounds, and exit the water to lay eggs in the sand. But if they are disturbed by humans — through light or sound, for instance — they could go back to the ocean without laying any eggs.
Image: Turtle SOS Cabo Verde
Curiosities from Mother Earth
At first sight, the image of this midwife toad may be unpleasant, until we understand that what it is carrying on its back are only eggs and not some strange disease. The animal is an exception among toads and frogs: Midwife toad mating doesn't take place in water, but rather on land, and the male is the one in charge of carrying the eggs around for 30 days before laying them.
Image: picture-alliance/dpa/ L. Webbink
Not-so-romantic soiree
The Komodo dragon would have been little during the time of the dinosaurs — but today, the largest species of lizard is nearly considered to be a monster. Its mating represents the antithesis of an evening full of gentle caresses. The winner of a violent fight between males jumps on a resisting female to try and copulate without getting hurt. Despite their roughness, they do produce cute babies!
Image: picture-alliance/dpa/PA Peter Byrne
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Animal welfare concerns a priority
Agriculture Minister Julia Klöckner, who had proposed the bill, said she did not consider chick culling "to be ethically acceptable."
Germany's Federal Administrative Court ruled in 2019 that animal welfare concerns outweigh the economic interests of farmers who wish to practice chick shredding, and declared the practice permissible only for a transitional period.
At a later phase in the transition, which will take effect in 2024, only methods used much earlier in the incubation process will be allowed, aiming to ensure that the embryos feel no pain. The Bundestag said it wants to give the farming industry time to adapt to the new legal situation.
In Germany alone, about 45 million male chicks are killed each year in a practice that animal welfare advocates call "chick shredding."