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How the Global South is driving the green energy transition

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Anne-Sophie Brändlin
December 2, 2025

From Beijing to Nairobi to Sao Paulo — the green energy surge is accelerating. China, Kenya and Brazil are increasing their renewable energy production, while progress in Europe and the US is slowing down.

Wind turbines, solar farms, geothermal power plants — the green transition is happening all over the world, and the Global South is currently taking the lead in renewable energies.

BRICS countries such as China and Brazil are leaders in solar energy production. Kenya gets 90% of its energy from renewable sources, primarily geothermal. But there is also a downside.

No country builds more solar power plants than China. At the same time, China is the world's largest emitter of CO2. Brazil is drilling for oil in the Amazon estuary, even though almost all of the country's electricity comes from renewable sources.

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