An Italian court has sentenced Mohammed Ali Malek to 18 years in prison for the deaths of up to 850 migrants killed in a tragic shipwreck on the Mediterranean. The Tunisian skipper denied responsibility for their deaths.
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Italian judges on Tuesday found Malek guilty for causing the tragedy, while also sentencing him for multiple cases of manslaughter and human trafficking. He was sentenced to 18 years in jail, according to reports on Tuesday.
The court in Catania, Sicily also sentenced Syrian national Mahmoud Bikhit to five years for abetting illegal immigration. Bikhit allegedly served as Malek's first mate. Both of the men were ordered to pay nine million euros ($9.5 million) in compensation.
The 28-year-old Malek, who once lived in Italy, denied being the ship's captain, saying he paid for his spot on the small fishing vessel that capsized not far from the coast of Libya.
"I spent two years and six months in Italy, and I have a young son with an Italian woman: I want to marry her and recognize the baby," Malek said before the verdict.
"It's the truth. I've always told the truth. Just as I immediately gave (authorities) my real name, and told them I was a passenger," he added.
However, surviving witnesses told Italian investigators that Malek was indeed the captain, and that his lack of sailing skills caused the deadly collision with an aid ship.
In a bid to prevent the collision, the aid freighter's captain Abdullah Ambrousi said he cut his ship's engines when he noticed the migrant boat sailing erratically, but the smaller vessel increased speed and rammed into the aid ship.
The long trip to Europe from the refugees' perspective
A boy who is soaking wet, volunteers entertaining children, moments of danger and of joy: #RefugeeCameras shows images taken during the journey to Europe. It is the subject of a new exhibition in Hamburg.
Image: Kevin McElvaney/ProjectRefugeeCameras
Leaving home - for good?
Zakaria received his camera on December 8 in Izmir, Turkey - one of the key hubs for refugees. The Syrian fled from the "Islamic State" terror militia and the government, according to McElvaney's #RefugeeCamera project. Out of safety concerns, Zakaria doesn't name his hometown. In his flight diary, Zakaria writes that only God knows if he will ever be able to return to Syria.
Image: Kevin McElvaney/ProjectRefugeeCameras
Rough dinghy ride
Zakaria documented his sea journey from Turkey to Chios. He was sitting in the back of his dinghy. At the Hamburg exhibition, which opens this weekend, the refugees' images will be complemented by a selection of shots taken by professionals, who helped to shape the representation of escape routes in the media. They all donated their works in order to support the project.
Image: Kevin McElvaney/ProjectRefugeeCameras
Perilous arrival
Hamza and Abdulmonem, both from Syria, photographed the perilous landing of their dinghy on a Greek island. There were no volunteers to offer them support. That is exactly what McElvaney had in mind when he launched #RefugeeCameras. So far, he says, the media have offered a "visual blank" in this respect.
Image: Kevin McElvaney/ProjectRefugeeCameras
Surviving the sea
After the landing, a young boy in wet clothes and life jacket stands on the pebbled beach. The image brings to mind Aylan Kurdi, the small Syrian boy whose lifeless body was washed ashore on a Turkish beach in September. The child in this picture made it to Europe alive. What became of him is not known.
Image: Kevin McElvaney/ProjectRefugeeCameras
Seven cameras returned
Hamza and Abdulmonem also took this slightly blurred snapshot of the refugee group taking a break. McElvaney handed out 15 disposable cameras in total. Seven of them were returned, one was lost, two were confiscated, two remain in Izmir, where their holders are still stranded. The remaining three cameras are unaccounted for - just like their owners.
Image: Kevin McElvaney/ProjectRefugeeCameras
Family in focus
Dyab, a math teacher from Syria, tried to capture some of the better moments of his journey to Germany. Pictured here are his wife and his young son, Kerim, who shows us the packet of biscuits he was given in a Macedonian refugee camp. The images reveal Dyab's deep affection for his son, McElvaney says: "He wants to take care of him, even on this arduous trip which he was forced to take."
Image: Kevin McElvaney/ProjectRefugeeCameras
From Iran to Hanau
The story of Saeed, from Iran, is a different one. The young man had to leave the country after converting to Christianity. He could have been arrested or even killed. In order to be accepted as a refugee, he pretended to be Afghan. After his arrival in Germany, he explained his situation to the authorities' satisfaction. He now lives - as an Iranian - in Hanau, Hesse.
Image: Kevin McElvaney/ProjectRefugeeCameras
Beyond selfies
Saeed took this picture of a Syrian father and his child on a bus from Athens to Idomeni.
Image: Kevin McElvaney/ProjectRefugeeCameras
More than status
In another snapshot taken by Saeed, a volunteer working in a refugee camp somewhere between Croatia and Slovenia entertains a group of children, who try to imitate his tricks.
Image: Kevin McElvaney/ProjectRefugeeCameras
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Deadliest maritime tragedy
The maritime tragedy is considered the deadliest in recent Mediterranean history. Only 28 people have been rescued since the ship sank. Italian news agency ANSA placed the death toll at approximately 850 people.
Since 2013, more than 12,000 people have been killed making the perilous journey across the Mediterranean, according to official figures.
However, the death toll may be higher due to many more disappearing during the trip, independent aid agencies said.
Approximately 175,000 migrants have arrived on Italian shores in 2016, overwhelming authorities managing the influx.