Ivory Coast president meets rival 10 years after war
July 28, 2021
Ivory Coast President Alassane Ouattara and his predecessor Laurent Gbagbo signaled an image of reconciliation — a decade after a civil war erupted as they vied for power.
It marked the first time Ouattara and Gbagbo met since the Ivory Coast's 2010-11 civil war, which claimed more than 3,000 lives.
The deadly clashes between their supporters began when Gbagbo, who ruled from 2000 to 2011, rejected defeat by Ouattara in a presidential vote.
Gbagbo recently returned home after the International Criminal Court upheld his acquittal on charges of crimes against humanity in the post-election violence.
'Happy to see you'
"I'm happy to see you," Ouattara said as he welcomed the former president at the presidential palace in Abidjan, Ivory Coast's economic capital.
Ouattara said he and Gbagbo agreed to meet during the coming weeks to sort out their differences and put the past behind them.
"We have decided that it is important to restore trust between us so that Ivorians can reconcile and, especially, trust each other," Ouattara said in an announcement following the meeting.
Gbagbo said he had called on Ouattara to continue reconciliation efforts by freeing other prisoners from the civil war period.
"I told the president — and you will agree with me — I was their leader and I am out today. They are in prison. I would like the president to do all he can to free them," Gbagbo told a joint news conference.
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A tense political climate
Ivory Coast's last presidential election, in October 2020, saw Ouattara claim a landslide victory. However, it was undermined by an opposition boycott.
Ouattara has so far welcomed and facilitated Gbagbo's return, seemingly hoping it might ease tensions, although his predecessor could ultimately prefer the role of political rival.
Gbagbo rose to power in the 1970s as a left-wing campaigner. He helped end Ivory Coast's one-party system after the country's independence from France.
Although political unrest marked his years in power, Gbagbo still holds considerable grassroots support. He is seen by his supporters as a champion of the poor and oppressed.
While Ouattara's government paved the way for Gbagbo's return, the former president still faces a 20-year prison sentence. He was convicted in absentia of "looting" the Central Bank of West African States (BCEAO) during the civil war.
Although there were no official statements on the matter yet, authorities have hinted that this sentence might be lifted.
Ivory Coast: a slow rebirth
After its independence from France, the Ivory Coast was called the "Miracle of Africa" for its religious and ethnic harmony. But the dynamic country still faces many challenges.
Image: DW/E. Lafforgue
Strangers in their own country
Ivory Coast is home to 62 different ethnic groups, including the Peuls. But many don't have Ivorian citizenship because the government demands that at least one of their parents were born here — difficult to prove without proper documents. Without Ivorian citizenship, they can't open a bank account or get a driver's license, leaving many Peuls feeling like foreigners in their own country.
Image: DW/E. Lafforgue
Traditional fabrics tell a story
"Tell me which fabric you wear and I will tell you who are," is a common saying among Ivorians. The traditional wax print fabric is commonly worn by women and each pattern sends a different message to their husbands. The hibiscus flower wax pattern, for example, symbolizes happiness in marriage.
Image: DW/E. Lafforgue
Damaging beauty standards persist
Although they've officially been banned since 2015, skin-lightening products are still very popular here. Bleaching dark skin can cause irreparable damage and can even lead to hypertension and diabetes. Still, many pharmacies make a lot of money discreetly selling such products, as well as doctors who can prescribe them. One out of two women in the capital, Abidjan, uses skin lightening products.
Image: DW/E. Lafforgue
Leaning an ancient art
Young girls dance with their bodies coated with kaolin in Aniansué. They are learning to become komians: Traditional healers and fortune tellers. Komians are known for their ability to cure bad luck and predict the future and are often consulted by the country's most powerful politicans and local chiefs. A unique school teaches this art in the Akan culture.
Image: DW/E. Lafforgue
Fake medicine brings false hope
Almost half of the population live below the poverty line, making it easy to exploit those in need of healthcare. Approximately 600 tons of fake medicine have been seized over the last three years, representing a third of all medicines sold in the country. Most of it is imported from Asia. Signs like these are commonly seen outside shops selling 'Made in China' medicines.
Image: DW/E. Lafforgue
Dreaming of a new life abroad
The world learned of the plight of Ivorian refugees in early 2020 after the body of a teenage boy was found in the landing gear of a plane. Driven by a lack of job prospects, many young people dream of starting a new life abroad, taking dangerous migration roads to reach the Mediterreanean. President Alassane Ouattara has promised to create 200,000 new jobs a year, but the youth aren't convinced.
Image: DW/E. Lafforgue
Waiting for 'women's gold'
An man patiently waits to buy karite or shea butter in the Savanes District. The product is known as "women's gold" across Africa, as it is primarly women who earn money making and selling it to consumers via small cooperatives. Used in make-up and food, shea butter is popular all over the world.
Image: DW/E. Lafforgue
Woman take charge of an age-old cuisine
An Ivorian woman from the "Femmes battantes cooperative" (Women fighters cooperative) wraps attiéké, a traditional type of couscous made from cassava tubers. Women are also in charge of the production of attiéké: They grow the cassava, process it and sell it along the side the road. This income is often used to send their children to school.
Image: DW/E. Lafforgue
Mining still a man's world
The booming mining industry meanwhile remains dominated by men. But that hasn't stopped some women from wanting to work in the sector. However, they are often victims of clandestine exploitation and the work is notoriously exhausting under the blazing sun.
Image: DW/E. Lafforgue
A struggling cocoa sector
In Ivory Coast, the cocoa sector is on the verge of a new crisis. Small traders are finding it increasingly difficult to compete with larger local cooperatives which hold most of the contracts with major chocolate manufacturers such as Mars or Nestle. Out of 3,000 cocoa cooperatives in the country, just over 200 are fair trade certified.
Image: DW/E. Lafforgue
A place of worship
The Basilica of Our Lady of Peace in Yamoussoukro was consecrated by Pope
John Paul II in 1990 and was said to have cost $300 million (€277 million) to build. It's even bigger than St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, which it is basedon. The basilica can accommodate 200,000 people: 7,000 inside and the rest out on the esplanade. But today, only a few hundred people flock to Sunday mass.