The number of migrants and refugees crossing the Mediterranean so far this year has exceeded 300,000, the UN's refugee agency UNHCR said on Friday.

Of those, almost 200,000 landed in Greece and 110,000 in Italy. By comparison, in 2014, a total of 219,000 people crossed the Mediterranean.

At the same time, some 2,500 migrants or refugees are estimated to have died or gone missing this year, trying to reach Europe. Last year, some 3,500 people died or were reported missing in the Mediterranean Sea.

"The way people are being packed onto boats is causing their deaths," UNHCR spokeswoman Melissa Fleming told a regular UN briefing.

The figure does not include casualties from a boat that capsized off the coast of Libya on Thursday. There, the UNHCR says, 200 people are still missing and feared dead.

Many of the people trying to reach Europe are from countries shaken by war, violence and conflict, such as Iraq, Afghanistan and Syria. Despite the influx of refugees, Europe is not bearing the brunt in this migrant crisis, as most refugees stay closer to home.

Beat Schuler, senior protection officer at UNHCR, said in a television interview with DW that "more than 4 million people are refugees outside Syria, most of them are in neighboring countries," with only "around 250,000 Syrians coming to Europe."

He added that Europe needed to do more and that all countries had to "act responsibly."

"It cannot be that some countries are not taking any refugees and are not taking part in dealing with this migration crisis…" The UNHCR says "the Meditarranean Sea continues to be the deadliest route for refugees and migrants."

DW TV's Laila Harrak contributed to this report.