Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki resigned from his role on Monday as the both houses of Poland's parliament convened for the first time since elections were held on October 15.

The formal resignation was first step in making way for a new government that is expected to be led by former Prime Minister Donald Tusk.

President Andrzej Duda opened the session, where lawmakers took their oath of office and elected a speaker.

What is the makeup of the new Polish parliament?

Morawiecki will likely remain in a caretaker role for as long as four weeks, since Duda denied the winning three-party opposition alliance — the clear winner of the October vote — the chance to form a government. 

Instead, he opted to give his conservative-nationalist Law and Justice Party (PiS) colleague the first move.

DW's Monika Sieradzka in Warsaw said the president appeared to be playing for time with the move, allowing conservatives to attempt to convince the public they are building a government, when in fact they have no chance of doing so.

PiS did win the largest single-party share of the vote in October, taking 194 of the 460 seats in the lower house, or Sejm. However, it failed to win a majority and has no coalition partners, thus leaving it likely unable to form a government.

Sieradzka said PiS was attempting to win over opposition votes, but also noted that should Morawiecki lose the vote of confidence needed to remain in power in a few weeks it would be a "huge disaster" for the party.

What is the position of Poland's pro-EU alliance?

A coalition of pro-European parties led by Donald Tusk, a former Polish prime minister (2007-2014) and European Council president (2014-2019), won a 248-seat majority in the October vote.

Although the three coalition parties range from the left to right of the political spectrum and campaigned separately, they are united in their opposition to the ultra-conservative PiS, as well as their pro-EU positions.

Having signed an agreement stating that they are ready to govern, alliance members promise to restore democratic norms eroded by eight years of PiS rule. They seek to repair international alliances and attain the release of billions of euros in EU funding frozen due to Law and Justice's attacks on the country's justice system.

The alliance will put forth Tusk, the head of the liberal-conservative Civic Coalition (KO), as its candidate for prime minister; and Szymon Holowina of the centrist 2050 party, as candidate for speaker.

Monday will begin with Sejm members convening at noon, and the 100-member Senate gathering in the afternoon. Members of both bodies are elected to four-year terms.

js/rt (AP, dpa)