Russian lawmakers on Tuesday approved a bill to fine internet users for searching online content that authorities consider "extremist." 

Unusually, the legislation has drawn criticism from both opposition activists and some pro-government figures.

The lower house of the Russian parliament, the State Duma, approved the bill with 306 votes in favor and 67 against.

The bill will now be sent to Russia's upper house, where it is unlikely to face major opposition.

What does Russia consider 'extremist' content?

Russia's Ministry of Justice's list of extremist materials spans more than 500 pages and contains over 5,000 entries.

These include songs that praise Ukraine and blog posts by the feminist rock band Pussy Riot.

The legislation would impose fines of up to 5,000 rubles (€54 or $64) on anyone who searched for or gained access to content material on the list.

It is still unclear how the bill would work in practice. The question of whether internet service providers or websites would be responsible for monitoring users' searches remains unanswered.

Protesters call it 'something out of 1984'

Several activists and a journalist from the Russian newspaper Kommersant were arrested for protesting against the bill outside the State Duma a few hours before the vote.

Opposition politician and protest organizer Boris Nadezhdin compared the bill to "something out of 1984," referencing George Orwell's novel about a totalitarian regime.

Meanwhile, Duma spokesperson said the bill was aimed at "those trying to destroy and ruin Russia" by using the internet.

Edited by: Dmytro Hubenko