Spain’s iconic wetlands are under pressure. Near the UNESCO-listed Doñana National Park, years of drought, rising temperatures and intensive agriculture have depleted vital groundwater reserves. The region became one of Europe’s largest strawberry-producing areas, but expanding irrigation led to widespread water extraction, including hundreds of illegal wells and reservoirs. Authorities are now using satellite imagery, drones and inspections to combat water theft, while governments and farmers invest in conservation, rewilding and more efficient irrigation systems. The story highlights a growing global challenge: how to balance food production, climate change and the sustainable management of increasingly scarce water resources.