Thai PM promises investigation after activist dies in jail
May 15, 2024
Thailand's prime minister ordered an investigation after a 28-year-old woman died in pre-trial detention, not long after coming off hunger strike. She was facing trial for "insulting" the royal family.
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Supporters of Netiporn "Bung" Sanesangkhom put candles at a vigil in her honor late on Tuesday in Bangkok, as news spread of her death in pre-trial detention.
Thailand's Prime Minister Srettha Thavisin ordered an investigation on Wednesday into the death of the 28-year-old political activist, who died of heart failure in a prison hospital, a few weeks after partially halting a hunger strike.
"It is sad about the loss ... and I want to extend my condolences to the family," Srettha told reporters. "I have instructed the Justice Ministry to investigate details about her death."
Campaigner against laws protecting Thai royals
Netiporn was jailed in January on contempt of court charges, amid her trial for allegedly "insulting" Thailand's royal family.
The country's "lese majeste" laws are unpopular with many activists, including the Thaluwang activist group that Netiporn was part of. That group calls both for the abolition of the law protecting the royal family from supposed "insults," but also wider reforms to the monarchy.
She went on hunger strike for roughly one month in prison, but in early April began to take some soft food again.
According to Thailand's prison authorities, she had refused vitamin and mineral supplements. But they also said she was not in a critical condition before her death at a press conference on Wednesday. An autopsy was underway and results were likely soon, they said.
"Her vital signs were normal, everything was normal until the emergency," said Pongpak Areeyapinan, director of the prison hospital.
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Bhumibol's death and 2020 protests renewed focus on royals
Thailand's laws on insulting the monarchy had long been a political issue, but it's intensified in the last few years.
In 2020, widespread protests calling for reforms to the monarchy and the lese majeste laws gripped the country, led in no small part by younger activists. They also resurfaced in 2023.
Thailand protests: Humor and creativity amid repression
From rubber ducks to Harry Potter, Thailand's 2023 pro-democracy protesters became more creative as they demand the resignation of Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha, a new constitution, and reforms to the monarchy.
Image: Athit Perawongmetha/REUTERS
Rubber duck: A new symbol of democracy
Rubber ducks have emerged as the new symbol of the pro-democracy movement. The large inflatable toys were initially used to mock authorities who sealed off the parliament building, which is situated on a river bank in the capital, Bangkok. When water cannons pummeled the peaceful crowds, protesters used the ducks as improvised shields.
Image: Sirachai Arunrugstichai/Getty Images
Three-finger 'Hunger Games' salute
The three-finger salute from the dystopian film series "The Hunger Games" has become a common sight at protests. The gesture of resistance first emerged in 2014 as a form of silent defiance against the military regime led by Prayuth Chan-ocha, who seized power in a coup. Pop culture references have helped demonstrators attract attention from both domestic and international communities.
Image: Sirachai Arunrugstichai/Getty Images
'Dinosaur-like' mentality
During a rally, a group of activists known as the Bad Students, dubbed the government "dinosaurs" for their outdated mindset. The activists said they see themselves as "meteorites" that push government officials into extinction if they refuse to change. The Bad Students are also demanding an overhaul of Thailand's lackluster education system.
Image: Sirachai Arunrugstichai/Getty Images
Harry Potter-themed protest
Until recently, the monarchy was considered a taboo topic. Thailand's lese majeste laws makes "disrespect" against the monarchy a crime. Protesters staged a Harry Potter-themed rally in August to break the taboo. In J.K. Rowling's magical world, the powerful Lord Voldemort is referred to as "You Know Who" or "He Who Must Not Be Named." The protest was a clear jab at King Maha Vajiralongkorn.
Image: Lauren DeCicca/Getty Images
Sending letters to the king
Monarchical reform is by far the most contentious of the movement's demands. In November, demonstrators marched to the royal palace to deliver handwritten letters to the king. When asked what he thought about the protesters, King Maha Vajiralongkorn simply said: "We love them all the same" and described Thailand as a land of compromise.
Many demonstrators are frustrated at the disproportionate use of force and are marching peacefully to demand justice and an end to violence. So far, six people have suffered gunshot wounds and more than 50 people have been seriously injured. After a violent clash between anti-government protesters, protesters marched to the police headquarters the following day to tag the building with paint.
Image: Sirachai Arunrugstichai/Getty Images
Gender equality and LGBTQ rights
The pro-democracy movement has drawn protesters from a wide-range of interest groups. The movement has also come to embody Thailand's diversity, with thousands of people joining in protests to push for gender equality and LGBTQ rights.
Image: Athit Perawongmetha/Reuters
Outwitting authorities
Protesters change rally venues at short notice as a popular tactic to confuse police. Authorities on Wednesday stacked shipping containers and set up razor wires in central Bangkok to cordon off the Crown Property Bureau from protesters. But protesters announced a last-minute shift to the Siam Commercial Bank’s headquarters. The king is the largest shareholder of the bank.
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Since 2020, according to the Thai Lawyers for Human Rights group, 272 people have been charged with insulting or criticizing the royal family.
The law, one of the strictest of its kind still in force anywhere in the world, can carry a maximum jail sentence of 15 years per individual violation.