Corals are among the world’s most trafficked wildlife products, yet many people do not realize they are animals. A global coral trade worth millions of dollars fuels demand for jewelry, ornaments and aquariums, while some species face growing extinction risks from overharvesting, climate change and pollution.

This report explores how scientists at the University of Zurich are using DNA testing to trace the origin of coral products, verify trade claims and help authorities combat wildlife trafficking. Experts also examine weaknesses in international regulations, the impact of legal and illegal coral trade on marine ecosystems, and potential solutions ranging from stricter enforcement to coral farming and reef restoration.