Virgin Galactic completes first commercial 'space flight'
June 29, 2023
Virgin Galactic hopes the inaugural commercial flight could see them operate such flights on a monthly basis, after almost 20 years getting the project off the ground. The crew reached a height of roughly 85 kilometers.
The rocket-powered plane flew for around 75 minutes before touching down in New MexicoImage: Virgin Galactic/AP/picture alliance
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Virgin Galactic's rocket-powered plane, VSS Unity, succesfully took three customers and three crew to the edge of space on Thursday, almost 20 years after British billionaire Richard Branson founded the venture in 2004.
The vessel takes off strapped to a support plane, called Eve, then separates in mid-air and fires its rocket to climb almost vertically towards the edge of space.
On Thursday, the plane peaked at an altitude of 279,000 feet (roughly 85 kilometers or 53 miles).
That's just a short distance clear of what US authorities consider to be the start of space for the purposes of aircraft (50 miles), although it's quite a way shy of another commonly used benchmark, the Karman line (at about 62 miles).
At the apex of the flight, with the rocket shut down, the crew then experienced a few minutes of weightlessness before the Unity shifted into re-entry mode and began its gliding descent back to Earth.
The entire flight lasted some 75 minutes. Unity touched down safely at Spaceport America in New Mexico, part of which Virgin Galactic leases.
This tandem plane, Eve, with a pair of fuselages, takes off carrying Unity mounted to the center of its wings; the rocket-propelled plane then separates in mid-air and propels itself higherImage: Jose Luis Gonzalez/REUTERS
First non-test flight with third party passengers
Two Italian air force officers and an aerospace engineer joined as the customers on the flight, along with three Virgin Galactic crew members, two of them piloting the vehicle.
Italy's Air Force and National Research Council had paid for a spot on the plane, partly to provide Colonel Walter Villadei with part of his training prior to departure for a stint aboard the International Space Station. Villadei could be seen on the company's livestream of the flight unveiling an Italian flag as the passengers experienced weightlessness.
The crew were nevertheless billed as a scientific one rather than a fully commercial one, given the guests' professional connection to space flight and their plans to conduct various experiments on board.
But it was still Virgin Galactic's first flight that also carried third-party passengers, an important milestone for the delayed project.
VSS Unity reached a height of 279,000 feet before starting its descent back to EarthImage: Virgin Galactic/AP/picture alliance
Billionaire Branson has a waiting list of some 800 customers who have paid between $250,000 (roughly €235,000) and $450,000 for such a trip.
The company now hopes to carry out one more test flight next month, and to then commence monthly commercial launches. It says it is working on a new aircraft that would be able to make the trip on a weekly basis.
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Bezos, Musk and Branson trying to bring fellow billionaires the stars
Amazon's Jeff Bezos and SpaceX's Elon Musk are both also trying to monetize providing a nascent taste of 21st century spaceflight to the super rich.
Elon Musk, meanwhile, plans to usher the world's first ever "space tourist" back into orbit soon.
US engineer-turned-investment banker Dennis Tito paid a reported $20 million back in 2001 for a seat on a Russian Soyuz capsule with two cosmonauts.
Space tourism: Out of reach for most Earthlings
Space tourism began in 2001 with Italian-American millionaire Dennis Tito. Decades later, it's still a preserve of the rich and essentially white.
Image: Joe Skipper/REUTERS
An unbeatable record
Dennis Tito was and always will be the first civilian to travel to space. Tito had been a NASA engineer before turning to finance. He had always dreamed of a trip to space and is said to have paid $20 million to have his dream come true. It was hard convincing the big space agencies, but on April 28, 2001, Tito took a ride on a Soyuz rocket and spent six days at the International Space Station.
Image: picture-alliance/dpa
In second place: Mark Shuttleworth
So, the name's fitting — shuttle-worth. But beyond that you'll quickly see a bias emerge. The first space tourists were all nerdy engineers… and all but one were MEN. South African Mark Shuttleworth, an internet and software engineer, flew a year after Tito and is celebrated as the first African in space. We're still waiting for the first Black African to make it — not for want of trying, though.
Image: picture alliance/AP Photo/M. Grachyev
Afronaut: Mandla Maseko
There's never been a Black African astronaut, neither agency-based nor a tourist. Mandla Maseko, a DJ from a township in Pretoria, South Africa, was due to be the first "Afronaut" until he died in a road accident at the age of 30. Maseko had won his chance through a private venture called Ace Apollo Space Academy. Seen as an inspirational figure, he said: "Defy gravity in everything that you do."
Image: Themba Hadebe/AP Photo/picture alliance
Third: Gregory Olsen
The third "official" space tourist was millionaire scientist Gregory Olsen. As Tito and Shuttleworth before him, Olsen bought his ticket through a company called Space Adventures and flew on a Russian Soyuz rocket. Olsen sold his own company, Sensors Unlimited, which under new owners Collins Aerospace is a NASA contractor, to pay his way. And he says he'd sell another firm to do it all again.
Image: Ivan Sekretarev/AP Photo/picture alliance
Fourth: Anousheh Ansari
So, it's not only boys who dream of the stars. Anousheh Ansari dreamed of space as a child as well. An engineer, internet technologist and co-founder of the XPRIZE Foundation, Ansari spent 11 days in space in 2006. She is described as the first astronaut of Iranian descent and the first Muslim woman in space. Her foundation champions itself as having "ignited a new era for commercial spaceflight."
Image: picture-alliance/Everett Collection
Science tourist: Helen Sharman
In 1991, Helen Sharman became the UK's first astronaut. Sharman conducted scientific experiments on the Soviet/Russian space station Mir, so hers was a mission in the traditional sense. We're including Sharman because her mission started as a commercial venture, but the company failed. The Soviets, whose idea it was anyway, paid in an act of bettering relations between them and the West.
Image: Alexander Mokletsov/dpa/Sputnik/picture alliance
The man who went twice: Charles Simonyi
Charles Simonyi is the first space tourist to have taken two trips. The billionaire software engineer first flew in 2007 and then again in 2009. But Simonyi holds other records, too. At the age of 13, he was selected as a junior astronaut in his native Hungary, and he developed the world's first WYSIWYG (what-you-see-is-what-you-get) text editor, Bravo. He thinks humans will live in space one day.
Image: Mikhail Metzel/picture-alliance/dpa
Not just gaming around: Richard Garriott
British-American Richard Garriott (left) had an early interest in space travel due to the fact that his dad, Owen, was a NASA astronaut. Family friends and neighbors were astronauts, too. But he became a computer games developer and that's how he paid for his trip in 2008 — but he was also an investor in the space tourism company, Space Adventures. He's known to dress up as a medieval knight.
Image: AP
From circus of the sun to the stars: Guy Laliberte
A native of Quebec, Guy Laliberte is the original creative mind behind the world-famous circus company, Cirque du Soleil ("Circus of the Sun"). He spent 10 days at the International Space Station in 2009 and is the last of the old-school space tourists. Following Laliberte's trip, no tourists flew for over a decade. This shot of a Soyuz capsule returning to Earth was almost the end of it. Until…
Image: AP/NASA/BILL INGALLS
Richard Branson rears his head
Boys and their toys: Virgin Galactic's Richard Branson just had to pip Amazon-man Jeff Bezos at the post. His reward? The US Federal Aviation Administration grounded Branson's SpaceShipTwo for deviating from its flight path as it descended from the edge of space on July 11, 2021. Got to hand it to Branson, though — he's been at it for decades. SpaceShipOne won the Ansari XPRIZE in 2004.
Image: Andres Leighton/AP Photo/picture alliance
Just another dreamer: Jeff Bezos
Branson and Bezos (in hat) are competitors. They're also in a private space travel clique with common goals and would get nowhere without each other — or early test pilots Brian Binnie and Mike Melvill and investors like Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen or Peter Diamandis, co-founder of Space Adventures and XPRIZE. On July 20, 2021, Bezos and three others took a suborbital flight. Will you be next?
Image: Blue Origin/Anadolu Agency/picture alliance
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Last October, Tito said he had signed up to be one of the first passengers on board Musk's "Starship" vessel — which is yet to go into space and is still under development — which intends to take people around the moon.
Such tickets are likely to make the cost of entry for Blue Origin and Virgin Galctic look comparatively cheap, though Musk has not floated any possible price range.
Thursday's successful flight comes a week after the risks and rewards of so-called "adventure tourism" were thrown into sharp relief by the fatal implosion of the Titan submersible, which was taking wealthy customers to the seabed of the Atlantic Ocean to look at the wreck of the Titanic.