Bosnia and Herzegovina is facing renewed separatist tensions, primarily driven by Bosnian Serb leader Milorad Dodik, who seeks to unite Republika Srpska with Serbia. This has raised concerns in Europe, fearing a repeat of past conflicts. The Dayton Accords, which ended the Bosnian War, created a complex political system with shared power among ethnic groups. The EU is attempting to stabilize the region, but Bosnia remains caught between Western and Russian influences. The country's future hinges on addressing internal divisions and external pressures.

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