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1945: karshen yakin duniya na II

Umaru AliyuMay 6, 2015

Ranar 8 ga watan Mayu 1945, rundunar sojan daular Jamus, a wani jawabi ga al'ummar kasar, ta sanar da cewar ta mika wuya ga manyan daulolin duniya a yakin duniya na II.

Picture-Teaser Kapitulation und Neubeginn
Rayuwa cikin azabar 'yan Nazi

Wannan sanarwa ce ta kawo karshen yakin da ya haddasa mutuwar mutane masu yawan gaske a yankunan duniya dabam dabam.

"Mu da muka sanya hannu kan wannan sanarwa, muka kuma yi haka a madadin shugabannin rundunar sojan kasarmu, muna sanar da mika wuyar dukkanin bangarorin sojan sama da na ruwa da na kasa da sauran dukkanin sojojin da a yanzu suke amsa umurninsu daga babban kwamandan daularmu. Muna sanar da cewar mun mika wuya ga babban kwamandan sojan daular Soviet."

Wannan dai ita ce sanarwar Janar Field Marshall Wilhelm Keitel, ranar 8 ga watan Mayu na shekara ta 1945, lokacin wani biki na mika wuyan rundunar sojan daular Jamus ga sojojin Rasha da kawayenta a Berlin Karlshorst. Ko da shike Marschall din ya yi wannan jawabi ne cikin dare ranar 8 ga watan Mayu, amma a zarihi bai sanya hannu kan takardar mika wuyan ba sai washegari, ranar tara ga wata.

Matsin lambar Ingila

Wata masaniyar tarihi, Margot Blank, daga cibiyar kayan tarihi ta Jamus da Rasha ta ce Ingila ce ta matsawa Soviet lamba game da maimaita bikin sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar sarendar sojojin, saboda ka da a sake samun irin abin da ya faru a karshen yakin duniya na daya, inda ba sojojin Jamus ne da bakinsu sukai sanarwar mika wuya ba, amma a maimakon haka, suka tura gwamnatin farar hula ta ari bakinsu ta ci masu albasa.

'Yan yawon bude a wuraren tarihiHoto: DW/Eva Usi

Sanya hannu kan sanarwar mika wuya da sojojin na daular Jamus suka yi a karshen yakin duniya na biyu a garuruwan Reims da Karlshorst ya gudana ne tare da amincewar shugaban kasa na daular Jamus Karl Dönitz, wanda tun bayan da Hitler ya kashe kansa ranar 30 ga watan Aprilu shi ne ya zama magajinsa. Tun bayan da gwamnatin ta tsere daga Berlin, lokacin da sojojn hadin gwiwa suka mamaye birnin, take ci gaba da mulki daga garin Flensburg, saboda a hukumance gwamnatin ta daular Jamus ba ita ce ta mika wuya ga sojojin na hadin gwiwa ba. Johannes Hürther na cibiyar nazarin tarihi a birnin Munich yayi bayanin dalilin haka.

"Ai ba daular Jamus ce ta mika wuya, ta yarda an cinye ta da yaki ba, wannan abu ne da rundunar sojan Jamus ta yi. Hakan kuwa ana iya cewar ya zama abin da ya shiga jerin al'amura na ban al'ajibi a wannan rana".

Rawar da Amirka ta taka

Sai a ranar 23 ga watan Mayu ne Amerikawa suka matsawa sojojin Ingila lamba suka kame, suka kuma dakatar da mulkin Karl Dönitz, saboda zargin cewar duk da an kawo karshen yakin, amma sojoji suna ci gaba da yanke hukuncin kisa kan mutane suna kuma aiwatar da wannan hukunci.

Ya zuwa ranar takwas ga watan Mayu, an ceto dukkanin wadanda suke raye a sansanonin gwale-gwale na 'yan Nazi, an kuma rufe wadannan sansanoni, to sai dai wadanda aka ceto ina za'a nufa dasu? Ganin yadda da yawa daga cikin su sukai ta watan gaririya suna neman 'yan uwansu, sai Ingila ta kafa wani wuri na mutanen da suka tagayyara a tsohon sansanin Bergen-Belsen.

Kisan kan Jamusawa

Dakarun Faransawa bayan yakin duniya na IIHoto: picture-alliance/Mary Evans Picture Library

Bayan da Jamus ta mika wuya a karshen yakin, Jamusawa da yawa sun kashe kansu, saboda kunyar hannun Jamus a wannan yaki da kuma tsoron abin da zai biyo baya a karshen yakin. Florian Huber, wani marubucin tarihi ne:

"Ana iya ambata dalilai masu yawa da suka haddasa Jamusawan su rika kashe kansu, amma mafi muhimmanci shine tsoron abokan gaba, musamman sojan daular Soviet. da yawa kuma suna tsoron yadda duniya ita kanta zata kasance bayan zaman shekaru 12 da ta yi karkashin hali na yakin da Jamus ta jefa ta a ciki".

To amma wani rahoto da tashar BBC ta gabatar ya yi nuni da cewa mafi yawan Jamusawa sun saurari sanarwar mika wuya da rundunar sojan Jamus din ta yi ne ba tare da sun kadu ba, ko sun nuna fargabar makomarsu ba.