Ana gudanar da bukukuwan cika shekaru 47 da juyin-juya halin Musulunci da aka yi a kasar Iran ne a bana, a daidai lokacin da tsarin Jamhuriyar Musuluncin ke fuskantar wani gagarimin kalubalen d ba a taba ganin irinsa ba.
Dubun-dubatar mutane, sun halarci bikin tunawa da juyin-juya halin Musulunci a IranHoto: Majid Asgaripour/WANA/REUTERS
Talla
Wasu na hasashen akwai barazana ga dorewar tsarin juyin-juya halin a kasar ta Iran, ballantana ma yada shi ko tallata shi a kasashen ketare. A yanzu dai Iran ba kawai tana yaki da takunkuman kasashen waje ba ne, tana kuma fuskantar wutar boren cikin gida wacce ke neman girgiza harsashin juyin-juya halin.
Raunin tattalin arziki
Babban kalubalen farko shi ne rugujewar tattalin arziki, inda hauhawar farashin kaya ya kai sama da kaso 40 cikin 100. Farashin kayan abinci na yau da kullun ya ninka har sau biyu, a cikin watanni shida kacal. Kudin kasar wato Rial, ya rasa kusan dukkan darajarsa a kasuwannin duniya. Wannan ya jefa miliyoyin 'yan kasar cikin kangin talauci, wanda ya sa talakan Iran yake ganin cewa manufofin juyin-juya halin ba sa amfana masa ta fuskar rayuwa. Karancin hasken wutar lantarki da man fetur a kasar da ke sahun gaba wajen albarkatun mai, ya zama abin kunya ga gwamnatin Tehran.
Bore a cikin gida
Matsin tattalin arziki ya haifar da gagarumar zanga-zanga, tun daga karshen shekarar 2025. Ba kamar zanga-zangar baya ba, wannan boren ya mamaye dukkan larduna 31 na kasar. Masu boren da mafi yawansu matasa ne, ba gyara kawai suke nema ba suna bukatar sauyi ne. Katse Internet da gwamnati ta yi tun ranar takwas ga Janairun 2026, ya rage yaduwar bidiyo zuwa duniya. Amma bai kashe muryar da ke tashi daga unguwannin Tehran da Isfahan ba, kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan Adam sun ce akwai dubban mutanen da aka tsare ko aka kashe a wannan takun-saka.
An yi asarar dukiya da rayuka masu yawa, a yayin zanga-zangar tsadar rayuwa a IranHoto: IRIB/WANA/REUTERS
Wariya a fannin diplomasiyya
Bayan kazamin rikici da Isra'ila a shekarar 2025, dakarun kare juyin-juya hali na IRGC na fuskantar sababbin matsin lamba. Kasashen Turai da Amurka sun kara kaimi wajen kakkaba takunkumi, yayin da kungiyoyin da ke samun goyon bayan Iran a yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya ke kara raunata. Wannan ya bar Iran tana fuskantar barazana kai tsaye ga cibiyoyinta na nukiliya da na tsaro, ba tare da kariya mai karfi daga kawayenta ba.
Karya lagonta a ketare.
Tsohon rikici: Shekaru 40 da yakin Iran da Iraki
Yakin Iran da Iraki, guda ne daga cikin yake-yake mafi muni a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Yakin na shekaru takwas da aka yi amfani da makamai masu guba, ya halaka dubban mutane ya kuma raba kawunan al'umma bisa tafarkin akida.
Hoto: picture-alliance/Bildarchiv
Takaddama kan yankin kasa
A ranar 22 ga watan Satumbar 1980, shugaban kama karya Saddam Hussaini ya tura sojoji zuwa makwabciyarsa kasar Iran, abin da ya tayar da mummunan yaki na tsawon shekaru takwas da ya halaka dubban mutane. An fara rikicin ne a kan takaddamar mallakar wani yankin kasa a tsakanin kasashen biyu da dukkansu ke da rinjayen Musulmi mabiya Shi'a.
Hoto: defapress
Yarjejeniyar Algiers
A watan Maris na 1975, mataimakin shugaban Iraki na wancan lokaci da Shah na Iran, suka sanya hannu a kan wata yarjejeniya a Algiers domin sulhunta rikicin kan iyaka. Sai dai Bagadaza ta zargi Tehran da yunkurin kai hare-hare, a saboda haka ta yi kiran kwashe mutane daga wasu muhimman tsibirai uku a mashigin ruwan Hormuz, wanda Iran da Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa kowace ke ikrarin mallakinta ne.
Hoto: Gemeinfrei
Muhimmiyar kafar samun ruwa
A ranar 17 ga watan Satumbar 1980, Bagadaza ta ayyana watsi da yarjejeniyar Algiers, ta kuma bukaci iko da dukkan mashigin ruwan mai tazarar kilomita 200, wanda ya hade kogin Tigris da na Euphrates da suka shiga cikin Tekun Fasha.
Hoto: picture-alliance/AP Photo/N. al-Jurani
Luguden bama-bamai kan tashoshin jiragen ruwa da birane
Sojojin Saddam sun yi luguden bama-bamai a kan tashoshin jiragen sama, ciki har da na Tehran da cibiyoyin sojoji da matatun man fetur na Iran. Sojojin Iraki ba su fuskanci turjiya ba sosai, a makon farko suka kuma kwace garuruwan Qasr da wasu wuraren ibada da Mehran da kuma tashar ruwa ta Khorramshahr a Kudu maso Yammacin Iran, inda kogin Shatt al-Arab suka hadu.
Hoto: picture-alliance/Bildarchiv
Abokin gaba daya
Kasashe da dama na yankin Tekun Fasha ciki har da Saudiyya da Kuwait, sun goyi bayan Bagadaza a yakin da suka yi da Iran tare da fargabar cewa juyin-juya hali da Ayatollah Khomeini na Iran ya jagoranta, na iya yin tasiri akan 'yan Shi'a a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kasashen yammacin Turai su ma sun goyi bayan Bagadaza, inda suka sayarwa Saddam makamai.
Hoto: Getty Images/Keystone
Iran ta mayar da martani
Martanin da Iran ta kai ya mamayi Iraki, saboda Tehran ta yi kokarin kwato tashar ruwan Khorramshahr. Bagadaza ta sanar da tsagaita wuta ta janye sojojinta, sai dai Tehran ta yi watsi da matakin ta kuma ci gaba da luguden wuta kan biranen Iraki. Daga watan Afrilun 1984, bangarorin biyu sun ci gaba da yakin da ya ragargaza birane kimanin 30 daga dukkan bangarorin da hare-haren makamai masu linzami.
Hoto: picture-alliance/dpa/UPI
Makamai masu guba
Daya daga cikin abin da ya dauki hankali a yakin shi ne amfani da makamai masu guba da Bagadaza ta yi akan Tehran. Iran ta fara yin zargi a 1984 wanda kuma Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tabbatar a 1988. A watan Yunin 1987, sojojin Iraki sun harba hayaki mai guba a garin Sardasht na Iran. A watan Maris na 1988, Iran ta ce Bagadazan ta yi amfani da makamai masu guba a kan 'yan kasarta a garin Halabja.
Hoto: Fred Ernst/AP/picture-alliance
Yarjejeniya
A ranar 18 ga watan Yulin 1988, Khomeini ya amince da kudirin Kwamitin Sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya domin kawo karshen yakin. Koda yake ba a tantance yawan mutanen da aka kashe a yakin ba, an kiyasta cewa akalla mutane 650,000 ne suka halaka a lokacin rikicin. A ranar 20 ga watan Augustan 1988, aka sanar da tsagaita wuta.
Hoto: Sassan Moayedi
Sabon babi
Hambarar da gwamnatin Saddam da Amirka ta yi a shekara ta 2003, ya kawo sabon babi a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Dangantaka tsakanin Iran da Iraki ta inganta tun daga wancan lokaci, kuma kasashen biyu sun ci gaba da kawancen tattalin arziki da al'adu da kuma zamantakewa.
Hoto: picture-alliance/AP Photo/K. Mohammed
Hotuna 91 | 9
Bayan rubdugun da Isra'ila da Amurka sukai wa kungiyoyi 'yan barandan Iran a ketare da suka hada da Hezbollah ta Lebano da Hamas a Gaza da 'yan Huthi a Yemen da ma mayakan sa-kai a Iraki, a iya cewa an sare kumbar da kasar ta Iran ke amfani da ita wajen yagunin abokan hamayyarta da ma tallata akidar juyin-juya halin Musuluncin a ketare. A yanzu, jagororin juyin-juya halin da kasar ta Iran ns ta kansu.
Makomar shugabanci
Daga karshe, akwai tambayar da kowa ke tsoron amsawa: Mene ne zai faru, bayan jagoranci na yanzu? Takun-saka tsakanin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya da masu son sassauci a cikin gwamnati, ya haifar da rashin tabbas kan wanda zai karbi ragamar juyin-juya halin. Wannan rarrabuwar kawuna a cikin gida, na iya zama babban hadari fiye da kowane takunkumi na waje. Juyin-juya halin Iran, na cika halin tsaka mai wuya da ke bukatar gudanar da gagarumin sauyin da zai hada tsakanin manufofinsa na asali da bukatun yau da kullum na 'yan kasa.
Haka kuma a mutumta burace-buracen matasa da mata da sune galin 'yan kasar, kamar yadda yake bukatar kwararaun jami'an diplomasiya da suka iya kauciya da zamiya da kuma ke da sassauci a lokacin da ya kama, domin kaucewa igiyar tekun da ke kokarin yin awon gaba da tsarin Jamhuriyar Musuluncin Iran din.
