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Manufofin Saudiyya da sauran gyara

Mouhamadou Awal Balarabe
February 7, 2023

Duk da yunkurin da masarautar Saudiyya na kawo sauyi a fannin tattalin arziki da zamantakewa, manazarta na ganin ba abin da ya sauya a fannin siyasa.

Yariman Saudiyya Mohammed bin Salman
Hoto: picture-alliance/AP Photo/A. Nabil

Manazarta dai na ganin cewa gasar wasanni na duniya da kasar za ta dauki bakuncinsa ka iya kawo ci gaba nan da wasu shekaru masu zuwa.

Tun lokacin da Yarima mai jiran gado Mohammed bin Salman ya fara tafiyar da harkokin mulki a madadin mahaifinsa Sarki Salman a shekarar 2017, Saudiyya ta samar da sauyi biyu da ke karo da juna. A wani tsarin zamanantar da kasar wanda aka yi wa lakabi da "Saudi Vision 2030", gwamnati ta fara yunkurin daina amfani da man fetur wajen bunkasa tattalin arzikin kasar tare da inganta 'yancin mata da kuma uwa uba bude kofofin kasar ga 'yan yawon bude ido. A daya hannun kuma, fadar Riyadh ta kara yin amfani da dokokin yaki da ta'addanci wajen cin zarafi al'umma, inda take muzguna wa 'yan fafutuka da sauran 'yan kungiyoyin fararen hula da ke adawa da manufofinta ciki har da wasu malaman addini.

Kazalika an samu karuwar aiwatar da hukuncin kisa, inda wani rahoto na kungiyar kare hakkin bil'adama ta Saudiyya da Turai ESOHR mai hedkwata a birnin Berlin, ta nuna cewa adadin wadanda aka aiwatar wa hukunci kisa ya kusan ninkawa sau biyu idan aka kwatanta da shekarar 2015. Alkaluma sun nunar da cewar an aiwatar da hukuncin kisa kusan 70 tsakanin 2010 zuwa 2014, yayin da adadin ya karu zuwa 129.5 tsakanin 2015 zuwa 2022. Daraktan ESOHR, Ali Adubisi, ya bayyana dalilan da suka haifar da wadannan sauye-sauye da ke cin karo da juna:

Hoto: Getty Images/M. Al-Shaikh

"Da alama nan ba da jimawa ba Saudiyya za ta aiwatar da kisan kiyashi ko kuma na daidaya. Mohammed bin Salman ya yi amannar cewar suka daga kasashen duniya, magana ce ta fatar baka mai tasiri a gajeren lokaci kawai, ba za ta kai wani mataki mai tsanani ba."

Duk da cewa kisan gillar da aka yi wa dan adawa Jamal Khashoggi a karamin ofishin jakadancin Saudiyya da ke Istanbul a kasar Turkiyya a shekarar 2018 ya haifar da cece-ku-ce a duniya tare da mayar da Saudiyya saniyar ware na wani lokaci, amma mafi yawan shari’o’in da ake yi wa masu fafutuka ko masu sukar gwamnati sun kasa jawo hankalin duniya. Ana gudanar da irin wannan shari’a akai-akai a kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta Saudiyya SCC, wadda ke kula da ta’addanci da shari’o’in da suka shafi tsaron kasa.

Amma a 2022, alkalan kotun sun yanke wa mata biyu: Salma al-Shehab da Nourah bint Saeed al-Qahtani, hukuncin daurin shekaru 35 da shekaru 45 a gidan yari, saboda wallafa sakon da masu rajin kare hakkin mata suka rubuta a shafinsu.

Ramzi Kaiss da ke kula da doka da siyasa a cibiyar MENA mai mazauni a Switzerland na cewa

"Game da abin da ake dangantawa da sauye-sauye, a bayyane yake cewa irin wadannan sauye-sauyen da mahukuntan Saudiyya ke ikirarin aiwatarwa ba gaskiya bane, musamman ganin yadda batutuwan da suka shafi kare hakkin bil'adama ke ci gaba da tabarbarewa. Sannan Saudiyya ba wai kawai tana muzguna wa masu sukarta a cikin gida bane, amma masu sukar da ke zaune a kasashen waje ma na fuskantar barazanar mayar da su kasar Saudiyya, inda da yawa daga cikinsu za su fuskanci azabtarwa da yiwuwar hukuncin kisa."

Kungiyar kwallon kafa ta mataHoto: Tayfun Salci/ZUMA Wire/IMAGO

Kasashen duniya za su samu kafar sukar Saudiyya, ganin cewa kasar za ta shiga a dama da ita a harkokin wasannin motsa jiki da dama. Hukumar kula da yawon bude ido ta Saudiyya ta sanar da cewa kasar za ta dauki nauyin gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata ta FIFA a Australia da New Zealand a watan Yulin 2024. Sai dai hukumomin wasanni na Australia da New Zealand sun nuna rashin amincewarsu tare da shigar da kara a gaban FIFA, suna masu cewa Saudiyya ta haramta wa mata buga kwallo har ma da shiga filayen wasa kafin shekarar 2017.

Sebastian Sons, babban mai bincike na cibiyar nazarin al'amuran Gabas ta Tsakiya da ke da hekwata a Jamus (CARPO) ya yi tsokaci a kan haka.

"A bisa ka'ida, ina ganin cewar wannan muhawara za ta kara zafi a kasar Saudiyya idan manyan wasannin suka wakana a kasar, wadanda kuma za su haifar da suka daga kasashen duniya.  Za mu iya yin irin wannan muhawarar a gasar cin kofin duniya ta mata na shekara mai zuwa a Australia da New Zealand. Babu shakka za a iya tattaunawa game da rawar da hakkin dan Adam ke takawa da kuma irin rawar da wasanni ke takawa,  da sauransu."

Saudiyya ta riga ta shirya karbar bakuncin gasar cin kofin kwallon kafa ta Asiya a shekarar 2027 da wasannin lokacin sanyi na Asiya a 2029, sannan idan yunkurin Girka da Masar ya yi nasara, Saudiyya za ta iya daukar bakunci gasar cin kofin duniya na maza na FIFA a 2030.

Duk yunkuri da tashar DW ta yi don tattaunawa da yarima Mohammed bin Salman mai jiran gado a Saudiyya ya ci tura.