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Sengbe Pieh : Bajinta lokacin cinikin bayi

Gwendolin Hilse SB/AMA
November 5, 2020

Manomi daga kasar Saliyo tare da mayar da shi bawa a shekarar 1839 bayan da aka sace shi, bajintar Sengbe Pieh ta zama sanadin gwagwarmayar da ta kawo karshen cinikin bayi a kasar da a yanzu ake kira Saliyo.

African Roots | Sengbe Pieh 1 | Porträt

Sengbe Pieh, wani manomi ne kuma falke daga kasar Saliyo wanda aka sace aka mayar da shi bawa a shekarar 1839. A lokacin da ake tafiya da su zuwa wajen da aka kira sabuwar duniya ne ya yi tawaye, bajintar da a karshe ta zama sanadin gwagwarmayar da ta kawo karshen cinikin bayi na wancan lokaci. Babu dai takamaimen lokacin da ake iya cewa shi ne lokaci da aka haifi Sengbe Pieh, sai dai masana tarihi sun yi ittifakin cewa an haife shi ne a shekarar 1814 a kasar da a yanzu ake kira Saliyo. An yi imanin an haife shi a wani tsibiri da ke gundumar Bonthe, wajen da ya yi kaurin suna wajen kiwon kifi. Pieh na shirin zama babban manomin shinkafa kuma a lokacin da aka sace shi, yana da mata da ‘ya’yansa biyu mata biyu da namiji guda.

Daga wace kabila Sengbe Pieh ya fito?
Mutane da daman a ganin Pieh ya fito ne daga kabilar Mende, mafi girma ke nan a kasar Saliyo, wasu masana tarihi na musanta hakan, inda suke cewa dan kabilar Shebro ne. Tsibirin Bonthe wanda har ila yau ake kira tsibirin Shebro, wuri ne da al’umar Shebron ke zaune a ciki a kasar ta Saliyo. Daga baya ne mutanen Mende suka zauna a wajen. Saboda auratayya da aka samu tsakanin dumbin mazauna wajen, galibin ‘yan Shebro kan dauki kansu a matsayin ‘yan kabilar Mende. Baki dayansu dai sun saje ta yadda da wuya ka iya bambance tsakanin dan asalin Mende da kuma Shebro a Saliyo. 

 Mene ne tarihin tawayen da Sengbe Pieh ya yi cikin jirgin ruwan Amistad?Cikin watan Janairun 1839, yayin da yake manomin shinkafa, Sengbe Pieh ya shiga hannu kuma aka sayar da shi ga masu sayen bayi ‘yan asalin kasar Spain, a wani waje da ake kira Sulima na kudancin kasar Saliyo.  An tusa keyar Pieh tare da wasu bayi da dama daga Saliyo ta karfin tsiya zuwa birnin Havana na kasar Kuba inda aka je aka yi gwanjonsu.

Yayin da iyayen gidan Pieh da sauran bayin ke tafiya da su zuwa gonaki, cikin jirgin ruwa da ake kira La Amistad, Sengbe Peih ya lallaba ya tsinka marin da aka daure shi da shi, sai kuma suka kwashi wukaken da aka ajiye don sare rake, daga nan sai tawaye ya tabbata. Sun kashe matukin jirgin da mai dafa abinci suka kuma tilasta wanda ya saye su juya akalar jirgin don ya koma Saliyo.  Amma ta hanyar amfani da wasu dabaru, aka yaudari Pieh da sauran ‘yan Afirka manyan da kananan da ke jirgin, cikin dare ya yi ta sauya hanya ya doshi kasar Kuba. Sai dai wata iska mai karfi daga bisani ta karkata jirgin zuwa gabar ruwan Amirka. Daga nan kuma aka kama Pieh da abokan tafiyarsa aka garkame su bisa tuhumar kisan kai da kuma fashin kan teku.

Sai dai wata kungiyar da ke yaki da cinikin bayi wadda daga bisani ta amsa sunan “The Amistad Committee” ta yi nasarar kalubalantar shari'ar kuma a karshe aka sake su, koda yake an samu wasu ma daga cikin 'yan Afirka da suka rasa rayukansu a lokacin da suka fafata a kan hanyar. Bayan kungiyar ‘Amistad Committee’ ta hada isassun kudade, an mayar da Pieh da sauran 'yan Afirka tare da wasu kiristoci ‘yan Mission zuwa Saliyo a watan Janairun shekara ta 1842. 

Meye gamin wannan labarin da kawo karshen cinikin bayi a Amirka?Lallai labarin Sengbe Pieh shi ne tushen gangamin yaki da cinikin bayi a Amirka. Babu wani littafin cinikin bayi a Amirkar da zai kasance cikakke ba tare da ya kunshi kukan kura ko bajintar da Sengbe Pieh ya yi ba.  Ana koyar da tarihin Pieh a wasu jami’o’i da kuma kafa mutum-mutuminsa a wasu jihohin Amirka. Kamfanin hada fina-finai na Hollywood ma ya shirya wani fim da ya nuno tarihin wannan jarumin mutum. Komawar Pieh kasarsa ta Saliyo ma ta bude kofa ga kiristoci masu aiki Mission. 

A ina aka binne Sengbe Pieh?
Sengbe Pieh ya mutu ne a shekarar 1879. Babu cikakkun bayanai kan ko ya sake haduwa da iyalinsa ko kuma akasin haka. An yi imanin cewa an binne shi ne a wani wajen bauta da ke Bonthe. Shi dai Pieh wani jarumi ne daga cikin al’ummar Poro wadda ke da alaka da ‘yan kungiyar asiri. Don haka ne gano asalin kabarinsa ke da wuya saboda sai an bi wasu hanyoyi na tsafi. A yanzu ma’aikatar kula da harkokin yawon shakatawa na cewa za ta sake tono Sengbe Pieh don sake binne shi a wani wajen da mutane ke iya zuwa don kallon kabarinsa. Sengbe Pieh, mutum ne da ya yi imanin cewa babu wani bambanci tsakanin dan Adam, ma’ana babu bambanci na launin fata ko wajen da mutum ya fito. Ya yi yakin kwato wa kansa ‘yanci da ma sauran wasu da aka sanya bisa tafarkin da ya tsinki kansa na cinikin bayi. Akwai hotonsa a kan takardar kudin kasar Saliyo. A baya-bayan an sanya wa wata babbar gada da ke birnin Freetown sunansa. Ana kuma iya ganin hotunansa a wurare da dama a birnin na Freetown fadar gwamnatin kasar Saliyo.