Shekaru 10 ke nan da wani dan kasar Tunisiya ya kashe kansa domin nuna adawa da cin zarafin da hukumomin tsaro ke yi, abin da ya janyo juyin-juya halin da ya yi awon gaba da kujerun wasu shugabannin kasashen Larabawa.
Masu zanga-zanga a Tunusiya dauke da babban hoton Mohamed Bouazizi da ya kashe kansaHoto: picture-alliance/AP Photo/Salah Habibi
Talla
Shekaru 10 ke nan da Mohamed Bouazizi dan Tunusiya ya kona kansa a garin Sidi Bouzid bayan da jami'an tsaro suka ci zarafinsa. Abin da ya janyo zanga-zanga da bore a ilahirin kasashen Larabawa. Da farko boren ya yi awon gaba da kujerar mulkin shugaban Tunisiyan Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali. Sai kuma shugaban Masar Hosni Mubarak da shugaban Yemen Ali Abdullah Salih da kuma Mu'ammar Gaddafi na Libiya suka biyo baya.
Sai dai shekaru 10 bayan kadawar guduwar canji, fatan samun wani sauyi na a zo a gani bai tabbata ba. Domin har yanzu gwamnatocin mulkin kama karya da yake-yaken basasa da ayyukan masu ikirarin jihadi, sun zama ruwan dare a wasu kasashe.
Sarakunan Larabawa-masu kawo sauyi ko masu mulkin Mahadi ka ture?
Sarakunan larabawa sun jagoranci kasashensu cikin gagarumin sauyin zamani, sun fuskanci kalubalen sauyi ta fuskoki daban daban
Hoto: Getty Images
Mohammed: Mai saukin kai
Sarkin Morocco ana daukarsa a matsayin basarake mai son kawo sauyi. Ya sassauta dokokin zamantakewar iyali, ya habaka harsunan Berber da kafa hukumar sasantawa bayan mulkin kama karya na mahaifinsa. Bai nuna dagawa yayin martaninsa da zanga-zangar juyin juya hali a kasashen larabawa a 2011 ba. Masu sukar lamiri sun zarge shi da gudanar da daula ta kasaita.
Hoto: picture-alliance/abaca/L. Christian
Abdullah: Jagora
Sarki Abdallah na 11 na Jordan ana yi masa kallo, sarki mai basira da da'a. Ya jagoranci Jordan da kamala da hangen nesa, daya daga cikin kasashen Larabawa mafi talauci, ya gudanar da sauye sauye masu yawa. Babu komai a baitulmalin gwamnati, kusan kowane gida na cike da yan gudun hijira daga kasashe makwabta. Da azancinsa na iya magana Abdullah yana kokarin shawo kan tsattauran ra'ayin addini.
Hoto: picture-alliance/dpa/I. Fassbender
Salman da Mohammed: 'Yan kama karya
Sarki Salman na Saudiyya tuni ya nada magajinsa wato dansa yarima Mohammed. Hakan ya biyo bayan garanbawul da aka yi cikin tsanaki. Sai dai bayan kisan dan Jaridar Saudiyya Khashoggi, ya kasance jigon kanun labaran duniya na abinda ya faru a ofishin jakadancin Saudiyyar a Istanbul. An zarge shi da masaniya kan laifin da aka aikata.
Hoto: picture-alliance/abaca/B. Press
Mohammed al Maktum: wanda ba a ganinsa
Cikin tsanaki da hangen gaba, sarkin Dubai ya tsara makomar daular. A saboda haka ya dabbaka akidar hakuri a tsakanin mabiya addinai.Kiristoci da yawa na zaune a Dubai, yawanci a matsayin ma'aikata 'yan cirani. A rayuwarsa ta kashin kansa yana da rauni. 'Yan makonni da suka wuce matarsa ta shidda gimbiya Haya daga Jordan ta rabu da shi. Yanzu tana zaune a wata kasa a Turai inda ta ke neman mafaka.
Hoto: picture alliance/Photoshot
Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan: Mai karfin mulki
Tsamin dangantaka da Iran da yakin Yemen da kuma kaurace wa Qatar: Wadannan suna daga cikin manyan kalubalen Khalifa bin Zayed al Nahyan, shugaban kasar zai jagoranci hadaddiyar daular Larabawa akan su. yana tafiyar da wadannan lamura yau da gobe da kuma karfin zuciya, wasu lokutan ta hanyar tuntubar wasu, a wasu lokutan kuma ya kan tursasa aiwatar da nasa ra'ayin.
Hoto: picture-alliance/AP Photo/K. Wigglesworth
Scheich Tamim bin Hamad II.: Mai himma da kwazo
Sarkin Qatar ya kan nuna taurin kai. Yana da kyakkyawar alaka da Iran lamarin da kasashe makwabtansa na yankin tekun fasha suke zarginsa da kuma kauracewa daular. Sun kuma zarge shi da tallafa wa kungiyoyin ta'dda a Gabas Ta Tsakiya da kudade. Yana kuma da kyakkyawar dangantaka da Hamas a zirin Gaza. To amma sarkin yana fadada wasu kawancen da kasashe kamar Turkiyya.
Hoto: Getty Images/S. Gallup
Sultan Qabus bin Said: Mai taka-tsantsan
Shiru-shiru mai saukin kai, Qabus bin Sa'id ya dade yana mulki daular Oman. Ya hau karagar mulki tun 1970, ya zamanantar da kasar wadda a baya ta kasance baya ga dangi, ya kawo mata kwarya kwayar cigaba. A cikin gida, kasar na da tsari kuma mai sassaucin ra'ayi. A waje kuwa ta na taka rawar shiga tsakani a rikice-rikice da dama kamar wacce ke faruwa tsakanin Amirka da Iran.
Hoto: Getty Images
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Amma duk da haka boren na kasashen Larabawa ya karfafa gwiwa a wasu kasashen duniya ciki har da na Afirka, koda ya ke ba a ga irin wannan bore a kasashen Afirkan ba, duk kuwa da cewa matsalolinsu kusan iri daya ne da na kasashen Larabawan. Misali a 2014 dubun-dubatar mutane a Burkina Faso sun gudanar da zanga-zangar adawa da neman karin wa'adin mulkin Shugaba Blaise Compaoré da a lokacin ya kwashe shekaru 27 kan mulki. A Senegal a 2012, wata kungiyar matasa ta yi nasarar juya hukuncin kotun tsarin mulki da ta sahalewa Shugaba Abdoulaye Wade damar neman wa'adin mulki karo na uku. Sannan a Sudan zanga zanga a 2019, ta kawo karshen mulin Shugaba Omar al-Bashir. Robert Kappel masanin kimiyyar siyasar Afirka ya ce ko shakka babu borin na kasashen Larbawa ya zama abin koyi a Afirka: "A gani-na abubuwan da suka faru a yankin arewacin Afirka da na Gabas ta Tsakiya, sun karfafa gwiwar kungiyoyin fafutukar neman mulkin dimukuradiyya da 'yancin walwala da na fadin albarkacin baki da kare 'yancin dan Adam a Afirka."
Sai dai Matthias Basedu daraktan cibiyar nazarin harkokin Afirka ta GIGA ya ce ba a ga bore na gama gari a Afirka ba, domin tun bayan karshen yakin cacar baka a mafi yawan kasashen Afirkan, an kawar da shugabanni na sai Mahadi ya bayyana, saboda hakazanga-zangar da aka samu a Burkina Faso da Senegal da Sudan sun dan bambanta.
Gilbert Achcar farfesa na huldodi tsakanin kasa da kasa a jami'ar SOAS da ke birnin London na kasar Birtaniya, ya ce bambancin matsalolin kasashenLarabawa da na Afirka na daga cikin dalilan da suka hana samun irin borin Larabawa a yankin Kudu da Saharar Afirka. Duk da haka boren ya yi mummunan tasiri a wasu kasashen Afirka misali yankin Sahel, inda bayan kifar da shugaba Muammar Gaddafi a Libiya yankin ya kara tsunduma cikin rikici musamman ma arewacin Mali.
