Adaidai lokacin da tawagar masu shiga tsakani ta Pakistan ke ganawa da mahukuntan Iran a birnin Tehran, Isra'ila ta sanar da amincewa da tsagaita wuta a Lebanon da shiga tattuanawar yin sulhu da kasar.
Tattaunawa tsakanin tawagar Pakistan da mahukuntan Iran a TehranHoto: Iranian Foreign Ministry/Anadolu/picture alliance
Talla
A wani matakin nuna zuwa da kai yafi sako, tawagar masu shiga tsakani wajen sasanta Amurka da Iran ta kasar Pakistan ta isa birnin Tehran. Tawagar na ci gaba da ganawa da mahukuntan kasar Iran, domin isar musu da sakwannin Amurka da nufin samun daidaita tsakanin bangarorin biyu su cimma yarjejeniyar kawo karshen yakin tsakaninsu.
Yiwuwar tattaunawar kai tsaye?
Bugu da kari fadar White House ta Amurka ta ce, tattaunawar tsawaita yarjejeniyar tsagaita wuta tsakanin Amurka da Iran na tafiya yadda ya kamata. Mai magana da yawun shugaban Amurka Karoline Leavitt ta shaida wa manema labarai cewa, duk da ba a sanya wa'adin lokacin fara tattaunawa kai tsaye ido da ido da nufin kawo karshen yakin ba akwai yiwuwar a gudanar da ita a kasar Pakistan.
Masu lura da al'amuran yankin Gabas Ta Tsakiya a Masar na ganin cewa, ziyarar da tawagar Pakistan ke yi a Iran na dauke da tarin sakwanni. Daya daga cikin manyan matsalolin da ke gaban tattaunawar shi ne, batun shirin nukiliyar Iran da kuma takunkumin tattalin arziki da aka kakaba mata. Iran na neman a sassauta mata takunkumi, yayin da Amurka da kawayenta ke son ganin an takaita shirin nukiliyar kasar.
Yakin Iran da Iraki, guda ne daga cikin yake-yake mafi muni a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Yakin na shekaru takwas da aka yi amfani da makamai masu guba, ya halaka dubban mutane ya kuma raba kawunan al'umma bisa tafarkin akida.
Hoto: picture-alliance/Bildarchiv
Takaddama kan yankin kasa
A ranar 22 ga watan Satumbar 1980, shugaban kama karya Saddam Hussaini ya tura sojoji zuwa makwabciyarsa kasar Iran, abin da ya tayar da mummunan yaki na tsawon shekaru takwas da ya halaka dubban mutane. An fara rikicin ne a kan takaddamar mallakar wani yankin kasa a tsakanin kasashen biyu da dukkansu ke da rinjayen Musulmi mabiya Shi'a.
Hoto: defapress
Yarjejeniyar Algiers
A watan Maris na 1975, mataimakin shugaban Iraki na wancan lokaci da Shah na Iran, suka sanya hannu a kan wata yarjejeniya a Algiers domin sulhunta rikicin kan iyaka. Sai dai Bagadaza ta zargi Tehran da yunkurin kai hare-hare, a saboda haka ta yi kiran kwashe mutane daga wasu muhimman tsibirai uku a mashigin ruwan Hormuz, wanda Iran da Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa kowace ke ikrarin mallakinta ne.
Hoto: Gemeinfrei
Muhimmiyar kafar samun ruwa
A ranar 17 ga watan Satumbar 1980, Bagadaza ta ayyana watsi da yarjejeniyar Algiers, ta kuma bukaci iko da dukkan mashigin ruwan mai tazarar kilomita 200, wanda ya hade kogin Tigris da na Euphrates da suka shiga cikin Tekun Fasha.
Hoto: picture-alliance/AP Photo/N. al-Jurani
Luguden bama-bamai kan tashoshin jiragen ruwa da birane
Sojojin Saddam sun yi luguden bama-bamai a kan tashoshin jiragen sama, ciki har da na Tehran da cibiyoyin sojoji da matatun man fetur na Iran. Sojojin Iraki ba su fuskanci turjiya ba sosai, a makon farko suka kuma kwace garuruwan Qasr da wasu wuraren ibada da Mehran da kuma tashar ruwa ta Khorramshahr a Kudu maso Yammacin Iran, inda kogin Shatt al-Arab suka hadu.
Hoto: picture-alliance/Bildarchiv
Abokin gaba daya
Kasashe da dama na yankin Tekun Fasha ciki har da Saudiyya da Kuwait, sun goyi bayan Bagadaza a yakin da suka yi da Iran tare da fargabar cewa juyin-juya hali da Ayatollah Khomeini na Iran ya jagoranta, na iya yin tasiri akan 'yan Shi'a a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kasashen yammacin Turai su ma sun goyi bayan Bagadaza, inda suka sayarwa Saddam makamai.
Hoto: Getty Images/Keystone
Iran ta mayar da martani
Martanin da Iran ta kai ya mamayi Iraki, saboda Tehran ta yi kokarin kwato tashar ruwan Khorramshahr. Bagadaza ta sanar da tsagaita wuta ta janye sojojinta, sai dai Tehran ta yi watsi da matakin ta kuma ci gaba da luguden wuta kan biranen Iraki. Daga watan Afrilun 1984, bangarorin biyu sun ci gaba da yakin da ya ragargaza birane kimanin 30 daga dukkan bangarorin da hare-haren makamai masu linzami.
Hoto: picture-alliance/dpa/UPI
Makamai masu guba
Daya daga cikin abin da ya dauki hankali a yakin shi ne amfani da makamai masu guba da Bagadaza ta yi akan Tehran. Iran ta fara yin zargi a 1984 wanda kuma Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta tabbatar a 1988. A watan Yunin 1987, sojojin Iraki sun harba hayaki mai guba a garin Sardasht na Iran. A watan Maris na 1988, Iran ta ce Bagadazan ta yi amfani da makamai masu guba a kan 'yan kasarta a garin Halabja.
Hoto: Fred Ernst/AP/picture-alliance
Yarjejeniya
A ranar 18 ga watan Yulin 1988, Khomeini ya amince da kudirin Kwamitin Sulhu na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya domin kawo karshen yakin. Koda yake ba a tantance yawan mutanen da aka kashe a yakin ba, an kiyasta cewa akalla mutane 650,000 ne suka halaka a lokacin rikicin. A ranar 20 ga watan Augustan 1988, aka sanar da tsagaita wuta.
Hoto: Sassan Moayedi
Sabon babi
Hambarar da gwamnatin Saddam da Amirka ta yi a shekara ta 2003, ya kawo sabon babi a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Dangantaka tsakanin Iran da Iraki ta inganta tun daga wancan lokaci, kuma kasashen biyu sun ci gaba da kawancen tattalin arziki da al'adu da kuma zamantakewa.
Hoto: picture-alliance/AP Photo/K. Mohammed
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A hannun guda kuma, batun tsaro a Mashigin Hormuz na ci gaba da kasancewa abin damuwa ga kasuwannin mai na duniya. Masharhanta dai sun yi amannar cewa, idan aka samu daidaito kan wadannan batutuwa akwai yiwuwar samun tsagaita wuta mai dorewa. Amma idan aka kasa, rikicin na iya ci gaba na tsawon lokaci.
Bayar da kai bori ya hau?
A bangaren yakin Isra'ila kan Lebanon ma, an samu ci-gaba a yunkurin diflomasiyyar da ake na kawo karshensa. Isra'ilan ta amince da tsagaita wuta a Lebanon, tare da nuna aniyar shirin shiga tattaunawar sulhu da nufin rage tashin hankali a yankin. Sai dai duk da wannan ci-gaba, har yanzu akwai rahotannin ci gaba da kai hare-hare a wasu yankuna musamman kan mayakan Hezbollah.
Akwai kyakkyawan fata na kawo karshen yakin Iran, amma har yanzu hanya tana da tsawo. Nasarar wannan yunkuri na diflomasiyya za ta dogara ne kan yadda bangarorin za su iya cimma matsaya, dangane da manyan batutuwan da ke gabansu.
