Tun a shekara ta 2013 sunan wasu 'yan ta'adda ke yaduwa, wadanda burinsu shi ne kafa wata Daula ko kasar Islama. Hakika tun tsawon shekaru wadannan 'yan ta'adda suke aikata ta'asa. Bisa ga dukkan alamu su ma kasashen yamma na da laifin yadda aka yi sake har 'yan ta'adda suka yi karfi.

Salsalar kafuwar Kungiyar IS

A tsakiyar shekarar 2013 lokacin da aka kwashe sama da shekaru biyu ana yakin kasar Siriya, wanda har wannan lokaci kasashen yamma sun kasa cimma matsaya kan daukar matakin game da yakin, kungiyoyin kare hakin dan Adam dabam-dabam sun ta ruwaito cewar Kungiyar IS na aikata kisan kiyashi. Yanzun sama da shekara daya da rabi IS ta addabi duniya baki daya, musamman tun bayan wallafa fayafayen bidiyo yadda taken aiwatar da kisan gilla kan 'yan jarida da 'yan agajin kasashen yamma da kuma mayakan kungiyoyin da ke adawa da ita.

Sai dai fiye da shekaru 10 kenan kungiyoyin masu tsattsauran ra'ayi suka bazu a yankin. Ita kanta IS ma reshe ne na Kungiyar Al-Kaida a Iraki, wadda ta hada kungiyoyi dabam-dabam, inji Christoph Günther masanin kimiyyar addinin Musulunci a jami'ar Leipzig da ke gabashin Jamus.

"Kungiyar IS ta yi nasarar hade kan kungiyoyi masu mabambamtan akidoji da manufofi da a hannu daya ke gudanar da ayyukan kyautata zamantakewa. A daya hannun kuma sun zama tamkar wata hukuma da ke da burin maye gurbin kasashen Siriya da Iraki a bangarori dabam-dabam. Suna samar da ruwan sha da hasken wutar lantarki da abinci har zuwa fannin ba da ilimi da aikata ta'asa."

A shekarar 2003 lokacin da Amirka ta kifar da gwamnatin Saddam Hussein sojojin Amirka sun fatattaki 'yan Sunni musamman tsoffin na hannun damarsa daga madafun iko ko kuma aka mayar da su saniyar ware wajen tafiyar da harkokin kasar. An kuma daure dubban daruruwan 'yan Sunni na Iraki a kurkuku cikinsu har da hafsoshin sojoji da manyan jami'an leken asiri. A cewar masana, da ba a dauki wannan matakin biyo bayan kutse Amirka a Iraki ba da ba a samu wata kungiyar IS ba.

A karkashin jagorancin Abu Musab al-Zarkawi an kafa kungiyar al-Kaida a Irak wadda ta kasance maganadisu ga masu da'awar jihadi, wadanda bayan kisan al-Zarkawi a 2006 suka sake wa kungiyar suna zuwa Daular Islama Iraki.

A farkon 2013 kungiyar ta yi amfani da rikicin Siriya inda ta fadada kanta ya zuwa Daular Islama a Iraki da Siriya. Christoph Günther masanin kimiyyar addinin Musulunci a jami'ar Leipzig ya ce faduwar birnin Mosul a watan Yunin 2014 ta kasance mafarin fadada ayyukan 'yan ta'addar.

　"A game da yankunan da take iko za mu iya ganin cewa faduwar biranen Faluja da Mosul ko da yake yanzu ta sake rashinsu ga sojojin Iraki. Babu tabbas ga yankunan da take iko da su, kuma kamar yadda take fadi ita kam ba ta da iyakoki sai yankuna."

Matakan da suka dace a bi domin yakar IS a duniya

Kasancewa ta'asar kungiyar ba ta san iyaka ba, shin wasu matakai ya kamata a dauka don hada kan kasashen Musulmi a yaki Kungiyar ta IS. Christoph Reuter masanin kimiyyar addinin Musulunci ne wanda kuma ke bincike kan kasashen Siriya da Iraki.

"Matakin farko shi ne hadin kan dukkan kungiyoyi da ke yaki a Siriya, hakan zai yiwu ne idan suka amince suka tsagaita wuta. Iran da Rasha kuma su sassauto daga goyon bayan Assad. Dole ne a raba madafun iko ba tare da Assad da hafsohsin soji ba. A ba su damar yin kaura. In an yi haka za a gaggauta samun bangarorin Siriya da ke da manufa iri daya wato wadanda za su fatattaki IS daga kasar."

Masana na masu shakkun cewa matakan soji ba za su kai ga kawar da IS na tsawon lokaci ba. Hare-hare ta sama ko ta kasa za su rage yankunan ikon kungiyar amma ba akidojinta ba.