Kungiyar Reporters Without Borders ta ce sama da 'yan jarida 50 ne suka hallaka a 2020 mai karewa, inda aka yi wa wasu kisan gilla bisa sun gudanar da bincike a cikin aikinsu na jarida.
Hoton gangamin yaki da cin zarafin 'yan jarida a FaransaHoto: picture-alliance/dpa
Talla
Shekarun uku a jere ana fuskantar yawaitar yi wa 'yan jarida kisan gilla, domin ko a shekarar 2019 da ta gabata manema labaran 53 ne aka hallaka. Wani abin da ya banbanta a wannan shekarar da sauran shekarun baya, shi ne kisan wulakancin da aka yi wa 'yan jarida kuma abin mamaki, a kasashen da babu alamun yaki. Duk da cewa duniya ta fuskanci annobar Coronavirus inda 'yan jaridun suka bayar da gudunmuwarsu wajen yaki da ita gami da kasashen da ake fama da tashe-tashen hankulla, amma wadannan bala'oi basu yi ajalin 'yan jarida ba kamar yadda kokarin bankado gaskiya ya hallakasu.
Kisan 'yan jarida ya ta'azzara a cewar RSF
Hoton kungiyar 'yan jarida ta RSFHoto: Getty Images/AFP/B. Guay
Mai magana da yawun kungiyar Reportuers Sans FrontiersRSF Pauline Ades-Mevel ita ce ta bayar da bayanan da rahotan ya kunsa, ta ce ''Rahoton kungiyar ya nuna cewa yawan 'yan jaridadar da aka kashe a fadin duniya a wannan shekarar ta 2020 ya haura 50 wanda hakan abin damuwa ne duk kuwa da cewa bara 53 suka hallaka.''
Kisan 'yan jarida ya fi ta'azzara ne a kasashen da babu yaki da kaso 68%, hakan ya nuna cewa dunbin manema labarai da ke fagen daga sun fi samun cikakkiyar kariya fiye da wadanda ke tsage gaskiya komin dacinta, kowa na tuna irin yadda aka rataye wani dan jarida a Tehran mai suna Ruhollah Zam bisa tuhumarsa da aikata laifi.
Kasar Mexico ta fi zama bala'i ga 'yan jarida
Hoton jaridar DAWN a PakistanHoto: Getty Images/AFP/R. Tabassum
Rahoton ya zargi gwamnatocin da suka daurewa cin hanci da rashawa gindi, da kuma daidaikun al'umma masu aikata miyagun laifuffuka da yin kisan. Kasar Mexico ne aka fi samun koma baya a fannin 'yancin aikin jarida, kuma kasar ta kasance makabartar 'yan jarida da aka yi wa kisan wulakanci a wannan shekara, inda ake samun gawarwakin 'yan jaridar da aka cirewa kai ko a yi masu gunduwa-gunduwa, lamarin da nuna cewa ita ce kasa ma fi muni a duniya, domin 'yan jarida 8 ne suka rasa rayukansu, a shekarun 2018 da 2019 an samu mutuwar wasu kimanin 10, hakan kuma kisan na bana na zama wani muhimmin sako ga 'yan jarida masu binciken kwakwaf da su shiga taitayinsu.
A fayyace 'yan jarida 10 ne aka kashe sakamakon rahoton da suka bayar na cin hanci da yin ruf da ciki da dukiyoyin al'umma, yayin da aka hallaka wasu uku saboda sun bayarda rahotannin yin ba daidai ba a bangaren muhalli da hakar ma'adanai.
Aikin jarida na fama da barazana a Afirka
A shekara ta 2019 yawancin kasashen Afirka za su ci gaba da gwagwarmaya a fannin 'yancin 'yan jarida. Wani bincike ya bayyana aikin jarida a kasashe 26 a matsayin "mummuna" saboda ana fama da takunkumi da tsangwama.
Hoto: Getty Images/AFP/M. Sibiloni
Yuganda: 'Yancin jarida ya ja baya
A Yuganda, 'yan jarida da ke sukar gwamnatin na fuskantar cin zarafi ko sacewa, saboda daidai da shugaba Yoweri Museveni ya bayyana 'yan jaridu a matsayin ''kwari'' a shekara ta 2018. Hukumomi sun hana watsa shirye-shiryen talabijin akai-akai, kuma suna barazanar rufe gidajen talabijin. An gabatar da haraji kan kafofin sada zumunta na zamani - na farko irinta a Afrika - a shekarar 2018.
Hoto: Getty Images/AFP/M. Sibiloni
Habasha: An farfado da kafofin intanet 250
Habasha ta samu ci gaba a nata gefen. Tun daga watan Afrilu 2018, Firayiminista Abiy Ahmed ya taimaka wajen sake 'yan jarida da ke tsare, tare da farfado da shafukan yanar gizo 250. Tashoshin talabijin na Habasha da ke da cibiyoyi a waje na iya aiki ba tare da tsangwama ba. Wani kwamitin yana sake duba dokokin kafofin watsa labaru, amma har yanzu ana jiran canje-canje.
Hoto: Getty Images/AFP/S. Kolli
Iritiriya na haramta fadin albarkacin baki
Kafofin watsa labaru a Iritiriya sun zama 'yan amshin Shatan shugaba Issayas Afeworki. Gwamnati ta rufe duk wuraren da ake sayar da jaridu tun a shekara ta 2001. Gidan rediyo daya tilo mai zaman kansa a yanzu shi ne Radia Erena, wanda 'yan Iritiriya da ke gudun hijira suka kafa. Iritiriya ta kasance kasa ta uku zuwa da aka fi tauyen hakkin 'yan Jarida, baya ga Koriya ta Arewa da Turkmenistan.
Hoto: picture alliance/ZUMAPRESS.com/P. Marshall
Sudan: 'Yan jarida na cin karo da kalubale
Kafofin watsa labaran Sudan sun sha wahala sosai a shekarar 2018 karkashin tsohon shugaban kasar Omar al-Bashir. A watan Disamba, an kama mutane 100. Hukumomin tsaro (NISS) sun rufe jaridu masu adawa da gwamnati irinsu Al-Tayar, Al-Midan da Al-Watan. An haramta wa 'yan jaridu buga labarai da suka shafi dukkanin batutuwan da ake kayyade, ciki har da na NISS da na sojojin.
Hoto: Getty Images/AFP/A. Shazly
Burundi: aiki cikin tsoro da taka tsantsan
Bayan yunkurin juyin mulki na 2015, yawancin gidajen rediyo masu zaman kansu sun kasance a rufe. 'Yan jaridan na rayuwa a ketare ko kuma suna aiki bisa matsin lamba. A shekara ta 2018, kafofin watsa labaru ya nuna halin tsoro da yin taka tsantsa. A watan Mayu 2018, Karenga Ramadhan, shugaban hukumar sadarwa ta kasa, ya sanar da dakatar da watsa shirye-shirye na BBC da Muryar Amirka (VOA).
Hoto: Getty Images/AFP
Angola: Ci gaban mai hakon rijiya
Duk da canjin gwamnati a 2017, hukumomi na ci gaba da sa wa kafofin watsa labarai ido. Radio Ecclesia da kuma wasu shafukan yanar gizo ne kawai suke watsa rahotannin suka. Yana da wuya a sami sabon lasisin bude gidan rediyo ko talabijin, alhali doka ta bai wa tashoshin damar gudanar da aikinsu ba tare da tsangwama ba. Amma a 2018 rahotannin 'yan adawa a cikin jaridun jihohi na karfafa gwiwa.
Hoto: Getty Images/AFP/S. de Sakutin
Gabon: An kayyade 'yancin kafar gwamnati
Yawancin rahotannin da ake watsawa a Gabon na da alaka da gwamnatin Ali Bongo. Sannnan ana kaffa-kaffa wajen tsara shirye-shirye. A shekarar 2018, dukkanin kafofin yada labaran kasar da na kasashen waje sun fuskanci fushin gwamnati saboda sukar shugaban kasa da mukarrabansa. A watan Janairu, gwamnati ta katse shiga yanar-gizon da sauran kafofin watsa labaru, bayan da aka yi yunkurin juyin mulki.
Hoto: Getty Images/AFP/S. Jordan
Kwango: Fata na gari ga aikin jarida?
Yawancin cin zarafi na 'yan jarida a Afirka a 2018 ya faru ne a Jamhuriyar Dimukaradiyyar Kwango. Rikici da katse kafofin watsa labaru da yanar gizo-gizo sun yi karar tsaye ga 'yancin 'yan jarida. An kori 'yan jarida da yawa bayan da aka zarge su da sukar gwamnati - karkashin Joseph Kabila. Amma sabon shugaban kasar Felix Tshisekedi ya ce yana so ya inganta yanayin aikin jarida a kasar.
Hoto: Getty Images/AFP/S. Maina
Chadi: Shekara ba tare da yanar gizo ba
Ba a yarda da duk wani zargi game da Shugaba Idris Deby ba, lamarin da ke kai ga kora na 'yan jarida na waje, da kuma tsare 'yan jarida na Chadi da masu watsa shirye-shirye. A watan Fabrairun 2018, 'yan jaridu a Chadi sun shirya "Ranar da babu jarida" da bada rahoto don yin tir da halin da suka ciki. Gwamnati ta rama wa kira aniyarta ta hanyar katse yanar gizo har na tsawo shekara guda.
Hoto: AFP/Getty Images/I. Kasamani
Tanzaniya: Takura wa masu suka
Shugaban kasa John Magufuli yana matsa wa 'yan jarida da ke sukarsa tun lokacin da ya hau kan kujerar mulki a 2015. Fiye da kafofin watsa labarai 12 aka rufe, kuma shafukan intanet da na blog na biya kudaden haraji saboda suna so su ci gaba da aiki. A watan Fabrairun 2019, an tilasta wa jaridar The Citizen rufewa har na tsawon mako guda bayan da aka zarge ta da buga bayanin karya.
Hoto: DW/E. Boniphace
Ruwanda: Aiki bisa sa idon gwamnati
A karkashin Shugaba Paul Kagame, ana ci gaba da sa wa 'yan jarida ido. Gwamnati ba ta bai wa 'yan jarida na ketare izinin aiki. Gwamnati na amfani da kisan gilla na 1994 wajen danganta 'yan jarida da "masu raba kasa". Yawancin 'yan jaridun Ruwandan sun tsere daga kasar tare da yin aiki a ketare, lamarin da ya sa gwamnati ke kara toshe kafafen watsa labarai na kasashen waje irinsu BBC.
Hoto: Getty Images/AFP/Gianluigi Guercia
Zambiya: Tauyen 'yancin fadin gaskiya
Tun shekara ta 2016, an yi amfani da rikicin siyasa don raunana 'yancin fadan albarkacin baki da sakar wa jaridu marar gudanar da aikinsu a Zambiya. Hukumomi sun rufe babbar jarida mai zaman kanta The Post, yayin da aka kwace lasisin tashoshin rediyo da na talabajin. A watan Maris, an tilasta rufe wata tashar talabijin mai zaman kanta saboda rashin daidaita a rahotanninta.
